An Efficient Method for Calculating the Lightning Electromagnetic Field Over Perfectly Conducting Ground

Abstract

In the implementation of the Cooray–Rubinstein formula, the calculation of a lightning electromagnetic field over perfectly conducting ground accounted for most of the computation time. Commonly, evaluating the ideal lightning electromagnetic field is based on the numerical integration method. In practice, only a sufficiently small discretization step is essential to get an accurate result, which leads to a relatively large number of calculations and results in a lengthy computation time. Besides, the programming is relatively complicated because the propagation of the lightning current along the channel must be considered. In order to increase the efficiency and simplify the programming, an improved method is proposed in this paper. In this method, the evaluation of the ideal lightning electromagnetic field is equated with a summation of analytical formulae and a simple integral operation, so it would be more efficient and easily programmed. The validation of the proposed method is demonstrated by some simulation examples.

Transformer Resonance: Reasons, Modeling Approaches, Solutions

“…Lightning overvoltages are the crucial source of transformer resonance when the lightning impulse occurs in the vicinity of a power transformer [23]. Lightning modeling is explained in [24], [25], [26], and [27]. These models include electromagnetic models, distributed-circuit models, and engineering models.…”

Lightning Modeling and Its Effects on Electric Infrastructures

“…In order to reduce the computational effort, the authors of [7] provided a new method which requires a summation of analytical formulae and a simple integral operation, achieving results comparable to the one proposed in [11] and assuming a Perfect Electric Conductor ground.…”

“…The contributions to this Special Issue mainly focused on modeling lightning activity, investigating physical causes, and discussing and testing mathematical models for the electromagnetic fields associated with lighting phenomena. In this framework, two main topics have been presented by the authors: (1) the interaction of lightning phenomena with electrical infrastructures such as wind turbines [1] and overhead lines [2][3][4]; and (2) the computation of lightning electromagnetic fields in the case of particular configuration, as the one presented in [5], considering a negatively charged artificial thunderstorm, in [6], considering a complex terrain with arbitrary topography, and in [7], where the ground is simplified and considered a Perfect Electric Conductor.…”

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“…In all types of electrical grounding systems, these two requirements have to be considered: (1) to provide the safety and health for the people who are in contact with electrical equipment;…”