An Efficient One‐Pot, Multicomponent, and Green Solvent Protocol for the Synthesis of Dihydropyridine Derivatives

Abstract

Highly prominent dihydropyridine analogs have been developed and screened for their yields by using different catalysts under eco‐friendly ethanol solvent condition. Triethylamine catalyst was identified as ro bust catalyst for this synthetic path. The key benefits of this procedure are environmentally benign procedure, mild reaction conditions, simplicity of operation, high yields, mild reaction period, and decent substrate generality.

An efficient green approach for the synthesis of benzothiazole‐linked pyranopyrazoles as promising pharmacological agents and docking studies

“…Previously, we had tried the four‐component one‐pot synthesis of dihydropyridine derivatives (Scheme 4) [ 46 ] under simple synthetic conditions, but obtained only low yields; and the synthetic methodology was not eco‐friendly. From this point of view and based on the above results, a route involving PASE (pot, atom, step economy) and eco‐friendliness could be achieved in this synthetic research.…”

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 1,4,7,8‐tetrahydro‐5H‐furo[3,4‐b]pyrazolo[4,3‐e]pyridin‐5‐one‐based azo dyes

“…The product was collected by filtration and was recrystallized from EtOH/H 2 O or CHCl 3 . 3.98 (q, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H, H h ), 1.30 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H, H i ).…”

“…Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are reactions in which three or more reactants combine sequentially to form a single product with high efficiency [1][2][3]. Because they retain most of the atoms of the raw material in the final product, they achieve several principles of green chemistry.…”

Ecofriendly and Facile One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of 5‐Phenyl‐5,10‐dihydropyrido[2,3‐d : 6,5‐d′]dipyrimidine‐2,4,6,8(1H,3H,7H,9H)‐tetraone Derivatives Catalyzed by CuII Immobilized on Functionalized Magnetic Mesoporous MCM‐41 (Fe3O4@MCM‐41‐GPTMS‐Gu‐CuII)

“…This leads to a decrease in the consumption of reagents and solvents and causes minimization of waste, energy, and time and results in a less hazardous solvent, cleaner auxiliaries, good atom-economy, higher selectivity compared with multi-step reactions which satisfy main principles of green chemistry. [7][8][9][10] 1,4-Dihydropyridines (as nitrogen-containing heterocycles) with a structure analogous to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) coenzyme have attracted considerable interest due to their different biological and medicinal applications. [7,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] They have increasingly-popular worldwide applications such as antitumor, antisclerotic, antidiabetic, calcium channel blockers, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic.…”

“…Today, from green chemistry perspectives, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) (as a recognized powerful tool in modern synthetic organic chemistry) happening in one step using a heterogeneous catalyst is incorporated to provide quick access and afford expected new organic molecules or automated high conversion of reactants into products with higher productivity. This leads to a decrease in the consumption of reagents and solvents and causes minimization of waste, energy, and time and results in a less hazardous solvent, cleaner auxiliaries, good atom‐economy, higher selectivity compared with multi‐step reactions which satisfy main principles of green chemistry [7–10] …”