1996
DOI: 10.1016/0898-1221(96)00141-1
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An efficient Runge-Kutta (4,5) pair

Abstract: A pair of explicit Runge-Kutta formulas of orders 4 and 5 is derived. It is significantly more efficient than the Fehlberg and Dormand-Prince pairs, and by standard measures it is of at least as high quality. There are two independent estimates of the local error. The local error of the interpolant is, to leading order, a problem-independent function of the local error at the end of the step.

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Cited by 87 publications
(76 citation statements)
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“…The solution of ordinary differential equations arising in fluid flow were also solved using Matlab bvp4c based on Runge-Kutta method. The method is adaptive (adjusts) the numerical step size at every iteration Bogacki and Shampine [17]. The Runge-Kutta method is easy to use and more accurate than the traditional finite difference methods, Shampine [18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The solution of ordinary differential equations arising in fluid flow were also solved using Matlab bvp4c based on Runge-Kutta method. The method is adaptive (adjusts) the numerical step size at every iteration Bogacki and Shampine [17]. The Runge-Kutta method is easy to use and more accurate than the traditional finite difference methods, Shampine [18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Classical Runge-Kutta methods are very popular for solving (1). An s-stage RK method is defined by its Butcher tableau and given y n ≈ y(t n ) it takes an appropriate stepsize h to generate y n+1 ≈ y(t n + h) using…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is suitable for high accuracy of 10 −6 to 10 −12 . Also worthy of note is the more recent BS45 pair of Bogacki and Shampine [1], which uses s = 8 with FSAL and thus has the effective workload of a 7-stage method. It was reported in [1] to be more efficient than DOPRI5.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The ode23 and ode45 solvers implement "Runge-Kutta formula of order 2 and 3" [21] and the "Dormand-Prince (4,5) pair" [28], respectively. The Dormand-prince (4,5) pair formula, which is an improved version of Fehlberg (4,5) pair [29], gives better results when compared with other Runge-Kutta schemes [30][31]. The ode113 solver implements the Adams' formulas of variable order in a Predict, Evaluate,…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%