An efficient ternary catalyst ZnBr 2 /K 2 CO 3 /[Bmim]Br for chemical fixation of CO 2 into cyclic carbonates at ambient conditions

Catalytic Strategies for the Cycloaddition of Pure, Diluted, and Waste CO2 to Epoxides under Ambient Conditions

“…In the course of their study on the catalytic system 36 /K 2 CO 3 /ZnBr 2 , Shi et al tested the ternary catalyst for the conversion of CO 2 from CO 2 /N 2 mixtures under ambient conditions. Using SO as the substrate in the presence of 3 mol % K 2 CO 3 and ZnBr 2 and of a noncatalytic amount of 36 (2 equiv), the authors observed the formation of styrene carbonate in 89% yield when 50% CO 2 in N 2 was used (Table , entry 2).…”

Imidazolium‐Functionalized Ionic Hypercrosslinked Porous Polymers for Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Simulated Flue Gas

“…So far, a broad range of homogeneous and (semi‐)heterogeneous catalysts have been applied for the coupling of CO 2 with epoxides, covering ionic liquids (ILs), metal halides/complexes, porous organic polymers (POPs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as well as carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanohorns (CNHs) . Some of these were also explored in the reaction of epoxides with diluted CO 2 , mimicking flue gases .…”

Solvent-free synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides catalyzed by reusable alumina-supported zinc dichloride

“…For instance, TBAI with Zn-salphen [37,38], bis-(Znsalphen) [39], Zn-azatrane [40], Zn-pyrrolidine [41] complex or Zn-MOF [42,43] allowed to carry out the reaction under mild conditions in good yields. The ammonium salt could be replaced with an ionic liquid [44] to furnish good yields with the assistance of a ligand-free zinc salt at 30 ºC and 1 atm CO2 [45]. Ema et al inserted an ammonium-fragment linker into zinc porphyrinate [46][47][48], with the resulting catalyst showing high TONs and TOFs, albeit under harsh reaction conditions (120 ºC, 17 atm).…”