An Effort toward Species Delimitation in the Genus Carassius (Cyprinidae) using Morphology and the Related Challenges: A Case Study from Inland Waters of Iran

Khosravi, Milad; Abdoli, Asghar; Tajbakhsh, Fatemeh; Ahmadzadeh, Faraham; Nemati, Haniyeh; Kiabi, Bahram H.

doi:10.1134/s0032945222020096

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The gynogenetic reproduction mode and production of all female populations without the need for coupling with conspecific males caused rapid invasivity and expansion of polyploid Carassius biotypes almost all over the world [ 12 , 94 , 101 , 102 , 103 ]. Excessive Carassius expansion entailed negative consequences due to successful competition, interspecies hybridization, and occupation of new areas [ 104 , 105 ].…”

Section: Equilibrium Between Quantitative Gynogenesis and Qualitative...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fish of Multiple Faces, Which Show Us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

Knytl

Forsythe

Kalous

2022

IJMS

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Sexual vs. asexual reproduction—unisexual vs. bisexual populations—diploid vs. polyploid biotypes—genetic vs. environmental sex determination: all these natural phenomena are associated with the genus of teleost fish, Carassius. This review places emphasis on two Carassius entities with completely different biological characteristics: one globally widespread and invasive Carassius gibelio, and the other C. carassius with a decreasing trend of natural occurrence. Comprehensive biological and cytogenetic knowledge of both entities, including the physical interactions between them, can help to balance the advantages of highly invasive and disadvantages of threatened species. For example, the benefits of a wide-ranged colonization can lead to the extinction of native species or be compensated by parasitic enemies and lead to equilibrium. This review emphasizes the comprehensive biology and cytogenetic knowledge and the importance of the Carassius genus as one of the most useful experimental vertebrate models for evolutionary biology and genetics. Secondly, the review points out that effective molecular cytogenetics should be used for the identification of various species, ploidy levels, and hybrids. The proposed investigation of these hallmark characteristics in Carassius may be applied in conservation efforts to sustain threatened populations in their native ranges. Furthermore, the review focuses on the consequences of the co-occurrence of native and non-native species and outlines future perspectives of Carassius research.

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Section: Equilibrium Between Quantitative Gynogenesis and Qualitative...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fish of Multiple Faces, Which Show Us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

Knytl

Forsythe

Kalous

2022

IJMS

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“…Gynogenetic reproduction mode and production of all female populations without a need of coupling with conspecific males caused rapid invasivity and expansion of polyploid Carassius BIOTYPES almost all over the world [13,90,[97][98][99]. Excessive Carassius expansion entailed negative consequences due to successful competition, interspecies hybridization, and occupation of new areas [100,101].…”

Section: Equilibrium Between Quantital Gynogenesis and Qualital Sexua...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fish of Multiple Faces, which Show us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

Knytl¹,

Forsythe²,

Kalous³

2022

Preprint

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Sexual vs asexual reproduction—unisexual vs bisexual populations—diploid vs polyploid biotypes—genetic vs environmental sex determination: all these natural phenomena are associated with the genus of teleost fish, Carassius. Two Carassius entities with completely different biological characteristics exist: one globally widespread and invasive Carassius gibelio, and the other C. carassius with decreasing trend of natural occurrence. Comprehensive biological and cytogenetic knowledge of both entities, including the physical interactions between them, can help to balance advantages of highly invasive and disadvantages of threatened species. For example, benefits of a wide-ranged colonization can lead toward extinction of native species or be compensated by parasitic enemies and lead to equilibrium. This review emphasizes the comprehensive biology and cytogenetic knowledge and importance of the Carassius genus as one of the most useful experimental vertebrate models for evolutionary biology and genetics. Secondly, the review points out that effective molecular cytogenetics should be used for identification of various species, ploidy levels, and hybrids. The proposed investigation of these hallmark characteristics in Carassius may be applied in conservation efforts to sustain threatened populations in their native ranges. Also, the review focuses on consequences of co-occurrence of native and non-native species and outlines future perspectives of Carassius research.

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“…Carassius is the most commonly used Cyprinini model for biological research (e.g. Pang et al 2017 ; Ağdamar et al 2020 ; Khosravi et al 2022 ; Pavlov 2022a , 2022b ; Tapkir et al 2022 ; Wang et al 2022a ; Fedorčák et al 2023 ; Jan et al 2023 ; Tapkir et al 2023 ). Its exceptional diversity of skills represents possible biological phenomena such as the presence of three ploidy levels—tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid ( Kalous and Knytl 2011 ; Xiao et al 2011 ; Knytl et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic Analysis of the Fish Genus Carassius Indicates Divergence, Fission, and Segmental Duplication as Drivers of Tandem Repeat and Microchromosome Evolution

Fornaini,

Černohorská,

do Vale Martins

et al. 2024

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Fishes of the genus Carassius are useful experimental vertebrate models for study of evolutionary biology and cytogenetics. Carassius demonstrates diverse biological characteristics, such as variation in ploidy levels and chromosome numbers, and presence of microchromosomes. Carassius polyploids with ≥ 150 chromosomes have microchromosomes, but their origin, especially in European populations, is unknown. We used cytogenetics to study evolution of tandem repeats (U1 and U2 small nuclear DNAs and H3 histone) and microchromosomes in Carassius from the Czech Republic. We tested the hypotheses whether the number of tandem repeats was affected by polyploidization or divergence between species and what mechanism drives evolution of microchromosomes. Tandem repeats were found in tetraploid and hexaploid C. gibelio, tetraploid C. auratus and C. carassius in conserved numbers, with the exception of U1 snDNA in C. auratus. This conservation indicates reduction and/or loss in the number of copies per locus that may have occurred by divergence rather than polyploidization. To study evolution of microchromosomes, we used the whole microchromosome painting probe from hexaploid C. gibelio and hybridized it to tetraploid and hexaploid C. gibelio, tetraploid C. auratus and C. carassius. Our results revealed variation in the number of microchromosomes in hexaploids, indicating that the evolution of Carassius karyotype is governed by macrochromosome fissions followed by segmental duplication in pericentromeric areas. This is a potential mechanism responsible for the presence of microchromosomes in Carassius hexaploids. Differential efficacy of one or both of these mechanisms in different tetraploids could ensure variability in chromosome number in polyploids in general.

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An Effort toward Species Delimitation in the Genus Carassius (Cyprinidae) using Morphology and the Related Challenges: A Case Study from Inland Waters of Iran

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

A Fish of Multiple Faces, Which Show Us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

A Fish of Multiple Faces, Which Show Us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

A Fish of Multiple Faces, which Show us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

Cytogenetic Analysis of the Fish Genus Carassius Indicates Divergence, Fission, and Segmental Duplication as Drivers of Tandem Repeat and Microchromosome Evolution

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