An elaboration of the meaning of interaction involvement: Toward the development of a theoretical concept

Affective and cognitive manifestations of interaction involvement during unstructured and competitive interactions

“…This disruption in intersubjectivity accounts for the low-involved person's withdrawal or distance from interaction. Although it may be caused by several factors, previous research findings on involvement and various trait-like measures provide some direction in this regard (Cegala, 1982a(Cegala, , 1982cCegala et al, 1982).…”

“…A study by Cegala et al (1982) examined the nonverbal behavior of high-and low-involved persons conversing with a stranger. Highly involved males manifested less body-focused gestures and overall body movement while speaking.…”

The Active-Empathic Listening Scale (AELS): Conceptualization and Evidence of Validity Within the Interpersonal Domain

“…To provide evidence of construct validity for the active component of AEL, two measures of conversational involvement were administered. First, the 18-item Interaction Involvement Scale (Cegala, Savage, Brunner, & Conrad, 1982) was employed as a measure of three dimensions of II-attentiveness, perceptiveness, and responsiveness; each scale is responded to on 5-point Likert scales. Consequently, participants were assigned three scores, one for each dimension: attentiveness (a ¼ .74), perceptiveness (a ¼ .65), and responsiveness (a ¼ .81).…”

Achieving synchrony: A foundational dimension of intercultural communication competence

“…Such concepts include "person-centered messages" (Applegate & Sypher, 1988) that generally require speakers to recognize another person's perspectives and contain a quality of sensitivity, engagement, and concern for relational cohesion. Such behavioral characteristics are consistent with the meaning of related concepts including: "adaptability" (Kim, 1991), "behavioral flexibility" (Samter, Burleson, & Basden-Murphy, 1989), "convergent behavior" (Gallois, Ogay, & Giles, 2005), "alignment talk" (Hopper, 1986), "emphathic listening" (Rosenfeld & Hancks, 1990), and "responsiveness" (Cegala, Savage, Brunner, & Conrad, 1982).…”