An Electric Power Industry Perspective on Water Use Efficiency

Wolfe, John R.; Goldstein, Robert A.; Maulbetsch, John S.; McGowin, C.R.

doi:10.1111/j.1936-704x.2009.00062.x

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…12 which is the important information from the proposed system reflecting the operational requirement of water under local climate conditions. Comparing with the conventional biomass power plant [29][30], the proposed cyberphysical cloud computing (CPCC) is able to expose the crucial data which are appropriately used for water resources planning in case of water scarcity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Efficiency of Water Management System in Biomass Power Plant Using Cyber-Physical Cloud Computing

Kungwalrut¹,

Kongratana²,

Trisuwannawat³

et al. 2018

IJIES

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Abstract:Optimized water management strategies are among the most crucial concerns in a biomass power plant. Especially during the times of water scarcity, an improper water supply planning and operation result in a detrimental power generation or shut down processes. This paper aims to propose the cyber-physical cloud computing (CPCC), a mechanism of analysis and control physical process using cloud-based framework, in order to improve the efficiency of water management system in a biomass power plant. In this study, a 9.9 MW biomass power plant is implemented to investigate the performance of CPCC. The architecture of the proposed system consists of three physical tiers. The first tier is a tier of physical devices included with pressure, flow, pH sensors, water pumps and valves that are responsible for detecting the physical data and interacting with the water production process. The second tier is an edge computing device which functions as a controller, embedded server, data storage, gateway and switch to manage all operational tasks in an intranet area. The third tier is a cloud computing system which enables big data applications such as online monitoring and visualization of process operation, adaptive filtration fouling control, consuming water and total water cost analysis. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed system as the ability of an adaptive fouling control system to adjust backwash scheduling and chemical dosing so that achieving the target of purified water quality even during the fluctuation of raw water qualities. Subsequently, the water treatment system can achieve the capability for optimal total water cost operations under a target permeate flow rate and the percent of the recovery. Significantly, the data analytics in the CPCC reflect current operational requirements of water under local climate conditions, likewise contribute to the practical solution for sustainable water resource planning in the energy production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Efficiency of Water Management System in Biomass Power Plant Using Cyber-Physical Cloud Computing

Kungwalrut¹,

Kongratana²,

Trisuwannawat³

et al. 2018

IJIES

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“…Use of reclaimed water has certain advantages. First, it is a water supply that will grow with population growth (Wolfe et al 2009). Second, while treating effluent requires electricity, it requires far less electricity than treating the water up to drinking standards (Stillwell et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Requirements for Large‐Scale Solar Energy Projects in the West

Frisvold

Marquez

2013

Contemporary Water Research

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This study estimates how much water would be required to meet Renewable Portfolio Standards for electricity generation in five western states if 100 percent of this demand were supplied by solar power. Future renewable electricity demand (net of current supplies) is estimated for 2025 and 2035. One scenario assumes the most water‐intensive solar thermal technology supplies all this future demand. Although not a feasible scenario, the assumed water intensity (1057 gallons/MWh) provides an upper‐bound estimate of solar power water consumption that may be compared with regional water balances. A second scenario assumes the water intensity of future projects is comparable to the average of solar projects actually being deployed. Water intensity for these 34 projects with 8.7 GW of capacity averages 228 gallons/MWh – a lower rate than many conventional electricity facilities (i.e., coal, natural gas, nuclear). Water requirements by 2035 would be 0.8 percent of regional consumptive use of water under the upper bound scenario and 0.2 percent of consumptive use based on current, average water intensities.

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“…Several approaches can improve water utilization in power production. This article focuses solely on thermal processes, because of their dominant share of electricity generation; 15 nonthermal processes are discussed in Reference 8 . On the demand side, this means reducing the cost of conserved (Consumed water refers to the fraction of withdrawn water that is not available after use.)…”

Section: Water Use Trends and Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%