An electrochemical system for salinity gradient energy harvesting

Zhou, Xia; Zhang, Weibin; Li, Jiajun; Bao, Xujin; Han, Xiong-Wei; Theint, Myat Myintzu; Ma, Xue-Jing

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115315

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Manganese phosphate is prepared as follows: 20 the materials used are C 4 H 6 MnO 4 and NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , and the hydrothermal condition is 120 °C for 4 h. The obtained manganese phosphate material is made into an electrode as the cathode of the device, and the activated carbon electrode is used as the anode. The activated carbon used in this work is from the ultrahigh capacitance porous activated carbon material of Aladdin reagent.…”

Section: Materials and Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A supercapacitor is an energy storage device with advantages such as a fast charge and discharge rate, a high Coulombic efficiency, and a long cycle life. − Notably, the Na + -based water electrolyte is commonly used in supercapacitors, which is consistent with the main composition of seawater. , In our previous work we designed a device to convert the salinity gradient energy using activated carbon (AC) and manganese phosphate (Mn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) electrodes from 0.02 mol L –1 and 1 mol L –1 sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) solutions . In this work, we further discuss the influence of ions in concentrated solution on the salinity gradient energy conversion of the device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,19 In our previous work we designed a device to convert the salinity gradient energy using activated carbon (AC) and manganese phosphate (Mn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) electrodes from 0.02 mol L −1 and 1 mol L −1 sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) solutions. 20 In this work, we further discuss the influence of ions in concentrated solution on the salinity gradient energy conversion of the device. As a porous material, the AC provides a huge specific surface area for ion adsorption and desorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic Activity on a Manganese Phosphate Electrode for the Electrochemical Conversion of the Salinity Gradient Energy

Zhou,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Chem. C

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The marine salinity gradient energy that refers to the Gibbs free energy generated by mixing solutions with different concentrations is receiving more and more attention. In the previous work, the electrochemical system of AC∥(Na 2 SO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 )∥Mn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 for converting salinity gradient energy using a manganese phosphate material was designed and got a conversion value of 5.31 J g −1 . In this work, we discuss the effects of cation and anion robustness on this system. The results show that the monovalent Br − and K + and the bivalent Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ have both positive and negative effects on the electrochemical performance, and the addition of these ions is beneficial to convert electrochemical salinity gradient energy. And this system can stably work at room temperature between 0 and 70 °C, which means it is feasible to harvest salinity gradient energy from real seawater.

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Section: Materials and Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic Activity on a Manganese Phosphate Electrode for the Electrochemical Conversion of the Salinity Gradient Energy

Zhou,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…The specific surface area of Branauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) was measured by a nitrogen adsorption desorption test (ASAP 2460 3.01) using a surface area and porosity analyzer. 7,18,19 The electrochemical measurement was conducted in a threeelectrode system, and MPO and NMPO electrodes were used as the working electrode, a platinum electrode was used as the counter electrode, a silver/silver chloride electrode was used as a reference electrode, and the electrolyte was 1 M KOH. The frequency range of an electrochemical impedance test is 0.01 Hz to 100 kHz, and the sinusoidal disturbance voltage is 5 mV.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting via Na-Mn₃(PO₄)₂-Based Electrochemical System

Han,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Hydrothermal method is used to prepare layered Mn3(PO4)2·3H2O (MPO) powder with Na+ intercalation, which is written as Na-Mn3(PO4)2·3H2O (NMPO). Through material testing and characterization, it was proved that Na+ was successfully inserted into the interlayer. Through the testing of the electrochemical performance, it is found that the electrochemical performance of the Na–Mn3(PO4)2·3H2O that Na+ intercalated layer has been greatly improved compared with that of Mn3(PO4)2·3H2O. Two mixing electrochemical capacitors, MPO||AC and NMPO||AC, were constructed using MPO and NMPO electrodes and active carbon (AC) electrodes, respectively. The feasibility of their application in a salinity gradient energy extraction was successfully verified. When the electrolyte concentration is switched from 0.025 to 0.6 M for NaCl solution, the concentration response potential oscillation amplitude of the NMPO single electrode reaches 39 mV, the concentration response open circuit voltage of the MPO||AC mixing capacitor reaches 68 mV, and the peak short-circuit current reaches 6.3 A m–2. A four-step cycle assisted by constant voltage charging was conducted through an external power supply, The MPO||AC mixing capacitor obtained 1.5 J m–2 of electrical energy converted by water salinity gradient energy, the NMPO||AC mixing capacitor obtained 2.1 J m–2 of electrical energy.

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“…[17][18][19] The electrodes on both sides form a circuit by external resistance, and finally form a current, [20][21][22] but it has the same difficulties as the PRO of high cost and easy pollution. 23 The CapMix extracts salinity gradient energy through electrode potential difference, 6,7,24 which includes capacitive double-layer expansion (CDE), capacitive Donnan potential (CDP) and mixing entropy battery (MEB). 25 The CDE is the potential change caused by the thickness change of electric double layer caused by the concentration difference of electrolyte.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Conversion of Salinity Gradient Energy via Molybdenum Disulfide Electrode

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The energy generated when sea water meets river water is called salinity gradient energy. At present, the main methods to extract salinity gradient energy are pressure-retarded osmosis, reverse electrodialysis and capacitive mixing technology. The selection of electrode materials has always been the focus of capacitive mixing technology. Here we report a device assembled based on capacitive mixing technology with molybdenum disulfide as anode and activated carbon as cathode. The energy density of the device is 6.12 J g-1, which shows that it has application prospects in the development of renewable energy.

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An electrochemical system for salinity gradient energy harvesting

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Ionic Activity on a Manganese Phosphate Electrode for the Electrochemical Conversion of the Salinity Gradient Energy

Ionic Activity on a Manganese Phosphate Electrode for the Electrochemical Conversion of the Salinity Gradient Energy

Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting via Na-Mn₃(PO₄)₂-Based Electrochemical System

Electrochemical Conversion of Salinity Gradient Energy via Molybdenum Disulfide Electrode

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An electrochemical system for salinity gradient energy harvesting

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Ionic Activity on a Manganese Phosphate Electrode for the Electrochemical Conversion of the Salinity Gradient Energy

Ionic Activity on a Manganese Phosphate Electrode for the Electrochemical Conversion of the Salinity Gradient Energy

Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting via Na-Mn3(PO4)2-Based Electrochemical System

Electrochemical Conversion of Salinity Gradient Energy via Molybdenum Disulfide Electrode

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Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting via Na-Mn₃(PO₄)₂-Based Electrochemical System