An electroencephalographic analysis of personality-dependent performance under psilocybin

Thatcher, Karen; Wiederholt, W. C.; Fischer, Roland

doi:10.1007/bf01965376

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similarly, the dimension Ego-vitality was clearly less affected in psilocybin subjects than in schizophrenic patients (Scharfetter 1995). Taken together, the present findings support the notion that serotonergic agonists, such as psilocybin and LSD, can mimic some important aspects of schizophrenic psychoses (Claridge 1978;Leuner 1981;Fischman 1983), but that there also are differences (Hollister and Hartmann 1962;Thatcher et al 1971;Parashos 1976).…”

Section: Psychopathologysupporting

confidence: 86%

Positron Emission Tomography and Fluorodeoxyglucose Studies of Metabolic Hyperfrontality and Psychopathology in the Psilocybin Model of Psychosis

Vollenweider

Leenders

Scharfetter

et al. 1997

Neuropsychopharmacology

378

256

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The effects of the indolehallucinogen psilocybin, a mixed 5-HT2 and 5-HT1 agonist, on regional cerebral glucose metabolism were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers with PET and [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) prior to and following a 15- or 20-mg dose of psilocybin. Psychotomimetic doses of psilocybin were found to produce a global increase in cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglu) with significant and most marked increases in the frontomedial and frontolateral cortex (24.3%), anterior cingulate (24.9%), and temporomedial cortex (25.3%). Somewhat smaller increases of CMRglu were found in the basal ganglia (18.5%), and the smallest increases were found in the sensorimotor (14.7%) and occipital cortex (14.4%). The increases of CMRglu in the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, temporomedial cortex, and putamen correlated positively with psychotic symptom formation, in particular with hallucinatory ego disintegration. The present data suggest that excessive 5-HT2 receptor activation results in a hyperfrontal metablic pattern that parallels comparable metabolic findings associated with acute psychotic episodes in chronic schizophrenics and contrasts with the hypofrontality in chronic schizophrenic patients.

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Section: Psychopathologysupporting

confidence: 86%

Positron Emission Tomography and Fluorodeoxyglucose Studies of Metabolic Hyperfrontality and Psychopathology in the Psilocybin Model of Psychosis

Vollenweider

Leenders

Scharfetter

et al. 1997

Neuropsychopharmacology

378

256

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“…A decrease in variability is expressed as the coefficient of variation (see the coefficient of variation values for states ranging from relaxation to catatonia in Fig. 1) (46,47).…”

Section: Increasing Cortical-subcortical Integration With Increasing mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cartography of the Ecstatic and Meditative States

Fischer

1971

Science

Self Cite

225

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In this age so concerned with travel in outer as well as inner-space, it is strange that, while we have detailed charts of the moon, we have no cartography of the varieties of human experience. In order to draft a map of inner space, I am ready to be your travel guide and take you on two voyages: one along the perceptionhallucination continuum of increasing ergotropic (1) arousal, which includes creative, psychotic, and ecstatic experiences; and another along the perceptionmeditation continuum of increasing trophotropic (1) arousal, which encompasses the hypoaroused states of Zazen and Yoga samadhi.Along the perception-hallucination continuum of increasing arousal of the sympathetic nervous system (ergotropic arousal), man--the self-referential system--perceptually-behaviorally (cortically) interprets the change (drug-induced or "natural") in his subcortical activity as creative, psychotic, and ecstatic experiences (2). These states are marked by a gradual turning inward toward a mental dimension at the expense of the physical. The normal state of daily routine, our point of departure, is followed by an aroused, creative state, which can be characterized by an increase in both data content (a description of space) and rate of data processing ["flood of inner sensation' (3), or most intense time (4)]. However, in the next aroused state on the continuum, acute schizophrenic [or rather "hyperphrenic" (5)] state, further increase in data content may not be matched by a corresponding increase in the rate of data processing. While the creative state is conducive to the evolution of novel relations and new meaning, the psychotic "jammed computer" state interferes with the individual's creative interpretation of the activity of his central nervous system (CNS). At the peak of ecstatic rapture, the outside (physical) world "retreats to the fringe of

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“…Photic stimuli were only presented with eyes open and no alpha activity present because duration of reaction time is longer when alpha activity is present [16,17]. The time from the photic stimulus to the signal from the button push was measured as the reaction time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG and reaction time in patients with Parkinsonism before and duringl-dopa therapy

Wiederholt

1974

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Electroencephalograms were performed on 58 of 100 patients treated with/-dopa for Parkinsonism. Half the electroencephalograms were abnormal and, with few exceptions, showed slowing of normal background activity and increased generalized theta activity. The degree of electroencephalographic abnormality paralleled the degree of clinical disability. In twelve patients mean energy content of the electroencephalogram, coefficient of variation and reaction time were studied before and during treatment with l-dopa. Mean energy content of the electroencephalogram did not change during therapy. Coefficient of variation was markedly reduced before and during treatment. Reaction time shortened with/-dopa therapy in patients who improved clinically. It is suggested that reaction time can be used as an objective measure to assess efficacy of treatment in Parkinsonism.

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An electroencephalographic analysis of personality-dependent performance under psilocybin

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Positron Emission Tomography and Fluorodeoxyglucose Studies of Metabolic Hyperfrontality and Psychopathology in the Psilocybin Model of Psychosis

Positron Emission Tomography and Fluorodeoxyglucose Studies of Metabolic Hyperfrontality and Psychopathology in the Psilocybin Model of Psychosis

A Cartography of the Ecstatic and Meditative States

EEG and reaction time in patients with Parkinsonism before and duringl-dopa therapy

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