An electron microscopic study of the skin of the frog (Rana pipiens)

Voûte, Cornelis L.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5320(63)80081-7

Cited by 65 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The manifold morphological changes in amphibian integument which accompany metamorphosis and the assumption of semiterrestrial life include keratinization of outer epidermal cells, increase in the number of epidermal cell layers, loss of Leydig cells, development of both mucous and granular skin glands, and gross alterations in the subepidermal connective tissue (see Kemp, 1961Kemp, , 1963Voute, 1963;Vanable, 1964;Usuku and Gross, 1965). Within the framework of these fairly obvious changes, the present study has disclosed two apparently simultaneous events involving the adhesive and adepidermal structures described above.…”

Section: Changes In Adhesion Sites and Adepidermal Structure At Metammentioning

confidence: 54%

“…17 also illustrates the fact that hemidesmosomes are much less complex and disdnct following metamorphosis. In fact, the only evidence of their continued existence are vague densities which populate the basal plasma membranes, a configuration similar to hemidesmosomes in adult skin of other amphibian species (e.g., see Voute, 1963;Bani, 1964), and even less distinct than those found in mammalian skin (see, e.g., Odland, 1964, p. 242).…”

Section: Changes In Adhesion Sites and Adepidermal Structure At Metammentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine Structure of Desmosomes, Hemidesmosomes, and an Adepidermal Globular Layer in Developing Newt Epidermis

Kelly

1966

The Journal of Cell Biology

420

109

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A B S T R A C TThe skin of late embryonic, larval, and young postmetamorphic newts, Taricha torosa, has been examined with particular reference to areas of cellular attachment. Stereo electron microscopic techniques and special staining methods for extracellular materials were utilized in addition to conventional avenues of ultrastructural study to investigate the fine architecture of desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, their associated filament systems, and extracellular materials. No evidence has been found that continuity of tonofilaments between adjacent cells exists at desmosomes. Rather, most of the tonofilaments which approach desmosomes (and perhaps also hemidesmosomes) course toward the "attachment plaque" and then loop, either outside the plaque or within it, and return into the main filament tracts of the cell. These facts suggest that the filamentous framework provides intracellular tensile support while adhesion is a product of extracellular materials which accumulate at attachment sites. Evidence is presented that the extracellular material is arranged as pillars or partitions which are continuous with or layered upon the outer unit cell membrane leaflets and adjoined in a discontinuous dense midline of the desmosome. A similar analysis has been made of extracellular materials associated with hemidesmosomes along the basal surface of epidermal cells. An adepidermal globular zone, separating the basal cell boundary from the underlying basal lamina and collagenous lamellae during larval stages, has been interpreted from enzyme and solvent extraction study as a lipid-mucopolysaccharide ccmplex, the function of which remains obscure. These observations are discussed in relation to prevailing theories of cellular adhesion and epidermal differentiation. They appear consistent with the concept that a wide range of adhesive specializations exists in nature, and that the more highly organized of these, such as large desmosomes and hemidesmosomes, serve as strong, highly supported attachment sites, supplemental in function to a more generalized aggregating mechanism.

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Section: Changes In Adhesion Sites and Adepidermal Structure At Metammentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Changes In Adhesion Sites and Adepidermal Structure At Metammentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Structure of Desmosomes, Hemidesmosomes, and an Adepidermal Globular Layer in Developing Newt Epidermis

Kelly

1966

The Journal of Cell Biology

420

109

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“…All investigators have stated that the other gland type in frog skin is mucous. Implicit in these studies was a n assumption that only one type of mucous gland existed, although some authors mentioned a diversity in morphology (Votite, 1963). During electron-microprobe studies of the cells of the skin glands, it became obvious that there were two types of "mucous" glands as judged both by the spectral "fingerprint" of the mucus within the gland cells and the morphology of the freeze-dried sections observed in the microprobe (Mills et al, 198213).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of the exocrine glands of the frog skin

Mills

Prum

1984

Am. J. Anat.

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Frog skin contains three distinct types of exocrine glands: granular (poison), mucous, and seromucous. The granular gland forms a syncytial secretory compartment within the acinus, which is surrounded by smooth muscle cells. The mucous and seromucous glands are easily identifiable as distinct glands. The serous and mucous secretory cells are arranged in a semilunar configuration opposite the ductal end and are filled with granules. Within the acinus, located at the ductal pole of the gland, are distinct groups of cells with few or no granules in the cytoplasm. In both the mucous and seromucous gland there is a cell type with abundant mitochondria; the one in the mucous gland is located in the region adjacent to the secretory cells. The duct of these glands is two-layered, with the individual cells appearing morphologically similar to the layers of the skin epithelium as the duct traverses the skin. The duct appears to be patent throughout its length. The morphological heterogeneity and distinct distribution of the cell types within the gland acinus may be indicative of a functional heterogeneity that allows the production of distinctly different types of secretion from the same gland type, depending on the type of stimulus.

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“…The underlying dermis contains several types of glands with ducts opening into the apical surface (Vofite, 1963;Farquhar and Palade, 1964). In the collagenase split epithelium most of the glands are destroyed (Vofite and Meier, 1978;Thompson and Mills, 1981) but some isolated gland cells may remain attached to the epithelium.…”

Section: Origin Of K and CL Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-cell and single channel K+ and Cl- currents in epithelial cells of frog skin.

1991

The Journal of General Physiology

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A B S T R A C T Whole-cell and single channel currents were studied in cells from frog (R. pipiens and R. catesbiana) skin epithelium, isolated by collagenase and trypsin treatment, and kept in primary cultures up to three days. Whole-cell currents did not exhibit any significant time-dependent kinetics under any ionic conditions used. With an external K gluconate Ringer solution the currents showed slight inward rectification with a reversal potential near zero and an average conductance of 5 nS at reversal. Ionic substitution of the external medium showed that most of the cell conductance was due to K and that very little, if any, Na conductance was present. This confirmed that most cells originate from inner epithelial layers and contain membranes with basolateral properties. At voltages more positive than 20 mV outward currents were larger with K in the medium than with Na or N-methyl-Dglucamine. Such behavior is indicative of a multi-ion transport mechanism. Wholecell K current was inhibited by external Ba and quinidine. Blockade by Ba was strongly voltage dependent, while that by quinidine was not. In the presence of high external CI, a component of outward current that was inhibited by the anion channel blocker diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC) appeared in 70% of the cells. This component was strongly outwardly rectifying and reversed at a potential expected for a C1 current. At the single channel level the event most frequently observed in the cell-attached configuration was a K channel with the following characteristics: inward-rectifying I-V relation with a conductance (with 112.

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An electron microscopic study of the skin of the frog (Rana pipiens)

Cited by 65 publications

References 12 publications

Fine Structure of Desmosomes, Hemidesmosomes, and an Adepidermal Globular Layer in Developing Newt Epidermis

Fine Structure of Desmosomes, Hemidesmosomes, and an Adepidermal Globular Layer in Developing Newt Epidermis

Morphology of the exocrine glands of the frog skin

Whole-cell and single channel K+ and Cl- currents in epithelial cells of frog skin.

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