An electrophysiological investigation of skeletal muscle in Parkinson's disease

Sica, R. E. P.; Herskovits, E; Aguilera, N; Pöch, G

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(73)90135-4

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The large size of some affected anterior horn neurons is consistent with involvement of small numbers of α-motor neurons, a surprising finding because there are, to our knowledge, no prior reports of Lewy bodies or α-synuclein histopathology in either spinal cord or brainstem motor neurons. Several electrophysiological studies, however, have been consistent with mild spinal motor neuron disease in PD, with evidence of motor unit reinnervation and dropout [22–24, 72, 73]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-organ distribution of phosphorylated α-synuclein histopathology in subjects with Lewy body disorders

et al. 2010

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A sensitive immunohistochemical method for phosphorylated α-synuclein was used to stain sets of sections of spinal cord and tissue from 41 different sites in the bodies of 92 subjects, including 23 normal elderly, 7 with incidental Lewy body disease (ILBD), 17 with Parkinson's disease (PD), 9 with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), 19 with Alzheimer's disease with Lewy bodies (ADLB) and 17 with Alzheimer's disease with no Lewy bodies (AD-NLB). The relative densities and frequencies of occurrence of phosphorylated α-synuclein histopathology (PASH) were tabulated and correlated with diagnostic category. The greatest densities and frequencies of PASH occurred in the NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript spinal cord, followed by the paraspinal sympathetic ganglia, the vagus nerve, the gastrointestinal tract and endocrine organs. The frequency of PASH within other organs and tissue types was much lower. Spinal cord and peripheral PASH was most common in subjects with PD and DLB, where it appears likely that it is universally widespread. Subjects with ILBD had lesser densities of PASH within all regions, but had frequent involvement of the spinal cord and paraspinal sympathetic ganglia, with less-frequent involvement of end-organs. Subjects with ADLB had infrequent involvement of the spinal cord and paraspinal sympathetic ganglia with rare involvement of endorgans. Within the gastrointestinal tract, there was a rostrocaudal gradient of decreasing PASH frequency and density, with the lower esophagus and submandibular gland having the greatest involvement and the colon and rectum the lowest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-organ distribution of phosphorylated α-synuclein histopathology in subjects with Lewy body disorders

et al. 2010

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“…Further evidence for limited muscle denervation in PD has come from electromyographic studies (90–94). We have demonstrated that normal adult human CP and PC muscles are composed of a slow inner layer and a fast outer layer that receive their motor innervation from CNS IX and CN X, respectively (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Pharyngeal Muscles in Parkinson Disease

Sobotka

Chen

et al. 2012

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol

126

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Dysphagia (impaired swallowing) is common in Parkinson disease (PD) patients and is related to aspiration pneumonia, the primary cause of death in PD. Therapies that ameliorate the limb motor symptoms of PD are ineffective for dysphagia. This suggests that the pathophysiology of PD dysphagia may differ from that affecting limb muscles but little is known about potential neuromuscular abnormalities in the swallowing muscles in PD. This study examined the fiber histochemistry of pharyngeal constrictor (PC) and cricopharyngeal (CP) sphincter muscles in postmortem specimens from 8 PD and 4 age-matched control patients. Pharyngeal muscles in PD patients exhibited many atrophic fibers, fiber type grouping, and fast-to-slow myosin heavy chain transformation. These alterations indicate that the pharyngeal muscles experienced neural degeneration and regeneration over the course of PD. Notably, the PD patients with dysphagia had a higher percentage of atrophic myofibers vs. with those without dysphagia and controls. The fast-to-slow fiber type transition is consistent with abnormalities in swallowing, slow movement of food and increased tone in the CP sphincter in PD patients. The alterations in the pharyngeal muscles may play a pathogenic role in the development of dysphagia in PD patients.

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“…The application of this technique to a number of diseases has been interpreted as indicating a possible neurogenic influence in the aetiology of Duchenne type muscular dystrophy (McComas et al, 1971d), limb-girdle dystrophy , myotonic dystrophy (McComas et al, 1971a), myasthenia gravis (McComas et al, 1971c(McComas et al, , 1973a and in the neuromuscular disorder in thyrotoxicosis (McComas et al, 1973b). Similar studies may indicate the presence of transynaptic degeneration of lower motor neurones in hemiplegic patients (McComas et al, 1973c) and in Parkinson's disease (Sica et al, 1973). Brown (1972Brown ( , 1973 has used a somewhat similar method to count the number of motor units in the thenar muscles in healthy subjects and in patients with the carpal tunnel syndrome.…”

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confidence: 91%

A new method for the estimation of the number of motor units in a muscle: 1. Control subjects and patients with myasthenia gravis

Ballantyne

Hansen

1974

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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A new method, incorporating on-line computer analysis, is described for the estimation of the numbers of motor units in human muscle. The results obtained in the extensor digitorum brevis muscle in normal subjects and patients with myasthenia gravis are presented. These indicate that the numbers of motor units in that muscle in patients with myasthenia gravis are within the normal range, in contrast with the reduction in numbers reported by other workers using a different technique. Evidence is presented to suggest that the discrepancy in these results is due to increased sensitivity and discrimination of the computerized method. Several hypotheses on the aetiology of a number of neuromuscular diseases, based on the results of the other method, may require reevaluation.

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An electrophysiological investigation of skeletal muscle in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Multi-organ distribution of phosphorylated α-synuclein histopathology in subjects with Lewy body disorders

Multi-organ distribution of phosphorylated α-synuclein histopathology in subjects with Lewy body disorders

Altered Pharyngeal Muscles in Parkinson Disease

A new method for the estimation of the number of motor units in a muscle: 1. Control subjects and patients with myasthenia gravis

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