An Electrospinning Anisotropic Hydrogel with Remotely-Controlled Photo-Responsive Deformation and Long-Range Navigation for Synergist Actuation

Orientational Co Nanorod-Enabled Ferromagnetic Hydrogel Actuators with Diverse Hosts

“…Furthermore, by further analyzing the relationship of displacement versus time, the actuator is stabilized at 5 mm per displacement before climbing over the obstacle. The above results show that this actuator is better than most of the currently reported hydrogel actuators in the distance controllability of the actuator. − Further, considering that this actuator can stably move in a straight line along the long axis of the actuator in the magnetic field, which is difficult for many actuators at present, further reflects the good controllability and stability of this actuator. , When the actuator climbs on the obstacle, each displacement of the actuator will be different, which is caused by the uneven surface of the obstacle. It is worth noting that Co nanorods account for only 6.2 wt % of the whole actuator.…”

“…53−55 Further, considering that this actuator can stably move in a straight line along the long axis of the actuator in the magnetic field, which is difficult for many actuators at present, further reflects the good controllability and stability of this actuator. 56,57 When the actuator climbs on the obstacle, each displacement of the actuator will be different, which is caused by the uneven surface of the obstacle. It is worth noting that Co nanorods account for only 6.2 wt % of the whole actuator.…”

Electrospun fibrous membrane reinforced hydrogels with preferable mechanical and tribological performance as cartilage substitutes

“…Electrospinning is a simple and common method for the preparation of polymer nanofiber membranes that provide a relatively uniform fiber diameter and adjustable fibrillar structure; the electrospinning fibrous membrane is expected to enhance the mechanical properties of hydrogels after the addition of hydrogels. 27,28 For example, Zhang et al 29 modified a sodium alginate (SA)/gelatin (SAG) hydrogel by a cellulose (SAG-C) multilayer electrospun fibrous membrane. When the number of electrospun membrane layers was 3, the mechanical properties of the hydrogel are significantly improved.…”

Biomimetic Gradient Hydrogel Actuators with Ultrafast Thermo-Responsiveness and High Strength

“…Inspired by the behaviors of natural plants, intelligent materials have been fabricated, which can generate deformations or movements according to external stimuli such as temperature, − humidity, light, pH, chemicals, or solvents. , Among all of the artificial materials, hydrogels have a chemically or physically cross-linked three-dimensional polymeric network structure, which can absorb and retain a large amount of water and generate large deformations . Therefore, flexible and intelligent hydrogel actuators have drawn a lot of attention and shown promising applications as biomedical devices and soft robots. , So far, numerous attempts have been made to create intelligent hydrogel actuators, such as via the introduction of responsive nanoparticles within hydrogels, , or through the fabrication of a bilayer hydrogel structure consisting of one responsive hydrogel layer and another nonresponsive substrate layer. − However, the common responsiveness or mechanical properties are still not enough for practical utilization.…”

“…11 Therefore, flexible and intelligent hydrogel actuators have drawn a lot of attention and shown promising applications as biomedical devices and soft robots. 12,13 So far, numerous attempts have been made to create intelligent hydrogel actuators, such as via the introduction of responsive nanoparticles within hydrogels, 14,15 or through the fabrication of a bilayer hydrogel structure consisting of one responsive hydrogel layer and another nonresponsive substrate layer. 16−18 However, the common responsiveness or mechanical properties are still not enough for practical utilization.…”