An emerging role of microplastics in the etiology of lung ground glass nodules

Chen, Qiqing; Gao, Jiani; Yu, Hairui; Su, Hang; Yang, Yan; Cao, Yinhe; Zhang, Qun; Ren, Yijiu; Hollert, Henner; Shi, Huahong; Chen, Chang; Liu, Haipeng

doi:10.1186/s12302-022-00605-3

Cited by 93 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Whilst there is a small chance that these particles were inhaled from the environment, one would expect to see a greater abundance of smaller MP for the anatomical regions studied and hence more data is needed to draw conclusions from these observations. Additionally, in situ analyses, such as via spectral imaging, will strengthen this, such as the method applied by Chen et al ( 28 ) which detected a cellulose fiber in a lung tumor tissue section.…”

Section: Microplastic Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

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Applying Existing Particle Paradigms to Inhaled Microplastic Particles

Wright

Borm²

2022

Front. Public Health

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Ambient particulate pollution originating from plastic contaminates air, including indoor and urban environments. The recent discovery of ambient microplastic (MP) particles of a size capable of depositing in the thoracic region of the airway, if inhaled, has raised concern for public exposure and health impacts following lessons learned from other particle domains. Current microplastic exposure estimates are relatively low compared to total ambient particulate matter, but optimal analytical techniques and therefore data for risk and health impact assessments are lacking. In the absence of such an evidence base, this paper explores paradigms, metrics and dose-response curves developed in other particle domains as a starting point for predicting whether microplastic are of concern. Bio-persistence, presence of reactive sites and soluble toxicants are likely key properties in microplastic toxicity, but these are not measured in environmental studies and hence are challenging to interpret in exposure. Data from a MP inhalation study in rats is available but the study was conducted using conditions that do not replicate the known human health effects of PM2.5 or surrogate exposures: compromised, aged animal models are recommended to investigate potential parallels between MPs and PM2.5. One of these parallels is provided by tire wear particles (TWP), which form part of current ambient PM and are sometimes regarded as microplastic. A connection to epidemiological studies where PM filters are still available is recommended and consequently analytical advances are required. In summary, established particle domains and existing paradigms provide valuable insight and data that can be used to predict MP toxicity, and direct study design and key properties to consider in this emerging field.

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Section: Microplastic Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Few studies explicitly estimate exposure. Chen et al ( 28 ) estimate nail salon employees to be exposed to 260 MPs per day. However, if inhaled, these particles are likely to deposit in the upper airways and be swallowed due to the particle sizes being >25 μm.…”

Section: Microplastic Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Existing Particle Paradigms to Inhaled Microplastic Particles

Wright

Borm²

2022

Front. Public Health

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“…In ground glass nodules (GGN) (lesions in human lungs), cotton, rayon, and microplastic fibers (>20 m) were found in a larger fraction of the lesions than in lung tissue. 85 The incidence of microplastic-containing GGN correlated positively to age and to the detection of cancer. The microfibers were more degraded in GGN than in lung tissue; rougher fibers may either be more toxic or immunogenic themselves or may release toxic chemicals into the surrounding tissue.…”

Section: Substance Class Distribution Of Total Registered Substances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics: research landscape, challenges, and remediation

Bird¹,

Catanescu²,

Gupta³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The growing usage of plastics in their various forms and applications has resulted in an exponential increase and spread of microplastics throughout the environment. We present a review based on a comprehensive analysis of the CAS content collection on the awareness of the underlying detrimental effects of several types of microplastics. The sources of this microplastic pollution are derived from its direct production or the degradation of macroplastics and include items such as personal care products, synthetic textile fibers, and rubber tires. The most frequent polymers observed in microplastic pollution are polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyvinyl chloride. These plastics are frequently mixed or combined with chemical additives such as phthalate and polybrominated biphenyls and are prevalent throughout the atmosphere, water, and in food. When these plastic pollutants are ingested or inhaled, adverse health effects are likely to result. This review reports the current scientific literature on microplastics and aims to analyze the current knowledge regarding their toxicology and potential solutions for the management and remediation of this type of plastic pollution.

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“…Only the former two exposure routes can cause actual MF intake. Inhalation of MFs can adversely affect the respiratory tracts (Lim et al 2021 ; Moolgavkar et al 2001 ), which has also been suggested to be associated with the formation of ground glass nodules in human lungs (Chen et al 2022 ). Ingestion of MFs has been confirmed in various organisms, including aquatic organisms (fish, decapods, bivalves, zooplankton, etc.…”

Section: Exposure and Health Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Chemical Additives on (Micro)Plastic Fibers: Occurrence, Release, and Health Risks

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Reviews Env.Contamination (formerly:Residue Reviews)

Self Cite

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Plastic fibers are ubiquitous in daily life with additives incorporated to improve their performance. Only a few restrictions exist for a paucity of common additives, while most of the additives used in textile industry have not been clearly regulated with threshold limits. The production of synthetic fibers, which can shed fibrous microplastics easily (< 5 mm) through mechanical abrasion and weathering, is increasing annually. These fibrous microplastics have become the main composition of microplastics in the environment. This review focuses on additives on synthetic fibers; we summarized the detection methods of additives, compared concentrations of different additive types (plasticizers, flame retardants, antioxidants, and surfactants) on (micro)plastic fibers, and analyzed their release and exposure pathways to environment and human beings. Our prediction shows that the amounts of predominant additives (phthalates, organophosphate esters, bisphenols, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and nonylphenol ethoxylates) released from clothing microplastic fibers (MFs) are estimated to reach 35, 10, 553, 0.4, and 568 ton/year to water worldwide, respectively; and 119, 35, 1911, 1.4, and 1965 ton/year to air, respectively. Human exposure to MF additives via inhalation is estimated to be up to 4.5–6440 µg/person annually for the above five additives, and via ingestion 0.1–204 µg/person. Notably, the release of additives from face masks is nonnegligible that annual human exposure to phthalates, organophosphate esters, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances from masks via inhalation is approximately 491–1820 µg/person. This review helps understand the environmental fate and potential risks of released additives from (micro)plastic fibers, with a view to providing a basis for future research and policy designation of textile additives. Graphical Abstract

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An emerging role of microplastics in the etiology of lung ground glass nodules

Cited by 93 publications

References 75 publications

Applying Existing Particle Paradigms to Inhaled Microplastic Particles

Applying Existing Particle Paradigms to Inhaled Microplastic Particles

Microplastics: research landscape, challenges, and remediation

An Overview of Chemical Additives on (Micro)Plastic Fibers: Occurrence, Release, and Health Risks

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