An emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome

Jiang, Shuaiming; Ma, Wenyao; Ma, Chenchen; Zhang, Zeng; Zhang, Wanli; Zhang, Jiachao

doi:10.1080/19490976.2024.2341717

Gut Microbes

2024

DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2341717

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An emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome

Shuaiming Jiang,

Wenyao Ma,

Chenchen Ma

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

References 259 publications

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OncoSexome: the landscape of sex-based differences in oncologic diseases

Shen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Nucleic Acids Research

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The NIH policy on sex as biological variable (SABV) emphasized the importance of sex-based differences in precision oncology. Over 50% of clinically actionable oncology genes are sex-biased, indicating differences in drug efficacy. Research has identified sex differences in non-reproductive cancers, highlighting the need for comprehensive sex-based cancer data. We therefore developed OncoSexome, a multidimensional knowledge base describing sex-based differences in cancer (https://idrblab.org/OncoSexome/) across four key topics: antineoplastic drugs and responses (SDR), oncology-related biomarkers (SBM), risk factors (SRF) and microbial landscape (SML). SDR covers sex-based differences in 2051 anticancer drugs; SBM describes 12 551 sex-differential biomarkers; SRF illustrates 350 sex-dependent risk factors; SML demonstrates 1386 microbes with sex-differential abundances associated with cancer development. OncoSexome is unique in illuminating multifaceted influences of biological sex on cancer, providing both external and endogenous contributors to cancer development and describing sex-based differences for the broadest oncological classes. Given the increasing global research interest in sex-based differences, OncoSexome is expected to impact future precision oncology practices significantly.

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OncoSexome: the landscape of sex-based differences in oncologic diseases

Shen,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Nucleic Acids Research

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Modulation of gut microbiota by probiotics to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Chen,

Yang,

Ren

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma, a common malignancy of the digestive system, typically progresses through a sequence of hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and ultimately, tumor. The interaction between gut microbiota, the portal venous system and the biliary tract, referred to as the gut-liver axis, is crucial in understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanisms implicated include gut dysbiosis, alterations in microbial metabolites and increased intestinal barrier permeability. Imbalances in gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma by producing carcinogenic substances, disrupting the balance of the immune system, altering metabolic processes, and increasing intestinal barrier permeability. Concurrently, accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota has the ability to modulate antitumor immune responses and affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. As a new and effective strategy, immunotherapy offers significant potential for managing advanced stages of hepatocellular carcinoma, with immune checkpoint inhibitors achieving significant advancements in improving patients’ survival. Probiotics play a vital role in promoting health and preventing diseases by modulating metabolic processes, inflammation and immune responses. Research indicates that they are instrumental in boosting antitumor immune responses through the modulation of gut microbiota. This review is to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma, assess the contributions of probiotics to immunotherapy and outline the latest research findings, providing a safer and more cost-effective potential strategy for the prevention and management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma: What Should We Focus on to Improve the Clinical Outcomes?

Hossain,

Ly,

Sung

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer treatment by enhancing anti-tumour immune responses, demonstrating significant efficacy in various malignancies, including melanoma. However, over 50% of patients experience limited or no response to ICI therapy. Resistance to ICIs is influenced by a complex interplay of tumour intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This review summarizes current ICIs for melanoma and the factors involved in resistance to the treatment. We also discuss emerging evidence that the microbiota can impact ICI treatment outcomes by modulating tumour biology and anti-tumour immune function. Furthermore, microbiota profiles may offer a non-invasive method for predicting ICI response. Therefore, future research into microbiota manipulation could provide cost-effective strategies to enhance ICI efficacy and improve outcomes for melanoma patients.

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An emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome

Cited by 4 publications

References 259 publications

OncoSexome: the landscape of sex-based differences in oncologic diseases

OncoSexome: the landscape of sex-based differences in oncologic diseases

Modulation of gut microbiota by probiotics to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma: What Should We Focus on to Improve the Clinical Outcomes?

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