2018
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5949
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An emerging viral pathogen truncates population age structure in a European amphibian and may reduce population viability

Abstract: Infectious diseases can alter the demography of their host populations, reducing their viability even in the absence of mass mortality. Amphibians are the most threatened group of vertebrates globally, and emerging infectious diseases play a large role in their continued population declines. Viruses belonging to the genus Ranavirus are responsible for one of the deadliest and most widespread of these diseases. To date, no work has used individual level data to investigate how ranaviruses affect population demo… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…The amphibian skin microbiome is rapidly becoming established as a model system for understanding the tripartite relationships between host, microbiome, and pathogens (e.g., Harris et al, 2009;Longo et al, 2015;Kueneman et al, 2016;Bates et al, 2018;Campbell et al, 2018aCampbell et al, ,b, 2019Ross et al, 2019). Production of metabolites by skin-associated bacteria is a crucial component of immune defense against lethal fungal pathogens such as Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) (e.g., Brucker et al, 2008;Becker et al, 2009) and Batrachochytrium salimandrivorans (Muletz-Wolz et al, 2017).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The amphibian skin microbiome is rapidly becoming established as a model system for understanding the tripartite relationships between host, microbiome, and pathogens (e.g., Harris et al, 2009;Longo et al, 2015;Kueneman et al, 2016;Bates et al, 2018;Campbell et al, 2018aCampbell et al, ,b, 2019Ross et al, 2019). Production of metabolites by skin-associated bacteria is a crucial component of immune defense against lethal fungal pathogens such as Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) (e.g., Brucker et al, 2008;Becker et al, 2009) and Batrachochytrium salimandrivorans (Muletz-Wolz et al, 2017).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The emerging infectious disease (EID) ranavirosis represent a significant threat to ectothermic vertebrate health, and infection with ranaviruses is associated with mass mortality, population extirpations and declines in biodiversity at a global scale (Jancovich et al, 2005;Fox et al, 2006;Bigarre et al, 2008;Ariel et al, 2009;Une et al, 2009;Whittington et al, 2010;Jensen et al, 2011;Allender et al, 2013;Earl and Gray, 2014;Price et al, 2014Price et al, , 2019Stark et al, 2014;Brunner et al, 2015;George et al, 2015;Miaud et al, 2016;Rijks et al, 2016;Rosa et al, 2017). Ranavirus was responsible for multi-species amphibian declines in continental Europe (Price et al, 2014), and of the common frog in the United Kingdom (Teacher et al, 2010), but also alters the age structure of remnant United Kingdom common frog populations (Campbell et al, 2018a). The frequency and severity of disease outbreaks are predicted to worsen alongside human-mediated range expansion of ranaviruses (Jancovich et al, 2005;Schloegel et al, 2009;Price et al, 2016Price et al, , 2019.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Research within this network of comparative populations has shown that the emergence of ranavirosis has resulted in a reduction of R. temporaria numbers by an average of over 80% in infected populations, though local extinction and recovery have also been documented (Teacher et al 2010). Additionally, ranavirosis appears to have (i) altered the population genetics (Teacher et al 2009a), (ii) reversed the mating system (Teacher et al 2009b); and (iii) truncated the age structure of impacted R. temporaria populations (Campbell et al 2018a). Applying predictive models to disease incidence reports and their associated environmental metadata has also revealed that the spread of FV3 within the United Kingdom is very likely facilitated by human translocation and pathogen pollution (Price et al 2016) and that frequency and severity of ranavirosis outbreaks is tightly linked to the climactic conditions (Price et al 2019).…”
Section: Ranavirosis In the United Kingdommentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, fish are not the only group of vertebrates impacted by ranavirosis in Europe; ranaviruses are also known to establish infections in European herpetofauna (Cunningham et al 1997;Balseiro et al 2009). To date, reports of ranaviral infection and disease in reptiles are rare (Marschang 2011;Price et al 2014Price et al , 2017b, but ranavirosis is considered to be an emerging infectious disease of European amphibians and is believed to pose a significant conservation threat (Daszak et al 1999;Earl and Gray 2014;Campbell et al 2018a).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, Teacher et al (2010) report that larger populations were disproportionately affected, with larger populations losing a greater number of animals to disease emergence than those that were initially smaller when Ranavirus infections emerged. The emergence of amphibian ranaviruses has also changed the population structure of common frogs in the UK, making them more susceptible to stochastic events (Campbell et al, 2018). This is cause for great concern with the ever-increasing random events that climate change will cause.…”
Section: Ranavirusesmentioning
confidence: 99%