An EMG assessment of Front Row Rugby Union Scrummaging

Sharp, Tristan; Halaki, Mark; Greene, Andrew; Vanwanseele, Benedicte

doi:10.1080/24748668.2014.11868717

Cited by 15 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Sharp et al. () reported a pre‐activation of 65% of MVC in the erector spinae, which is comparable with our findings of 68% and 75% erector spinae pre‐activation in CBS and CTS conditions. Sharp et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The activity of erector spinae has been measured in a similar machine scrummaging study (Sharp et al., ), although the engagement condition was not clearly described, and the pre‐engagement phase was defined as the 200‐ms window prior to engagement, differing from the current study. Sharp et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sharp et al. () interpreted erector spinae pre‐activation as necessary to maintain an efficient scrummaging position and to overcome gravity forces causing a bending moment and a rotation of the trunk about the pelvis. Our results support this explanation, as the slight reduction in erector spinae activity in the CBS condition when compared with the CTS condition, in the pre‐engagement phase, can be attributed to pre‐binding, reducing the moment acting on the trunk joints caused by torso weight being partially supported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinal muscle activity in simulated rugby union scrummaging is affected by different engagement conditions

Cazzola

Stone

Holsgrove

et al. 2015

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Biomechanical studies of rugby union scrummaging have focused on kinetic and kinematic analyses, while muscle activation strategies employed by front-row players during scrummaging are still unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the activity of spinal muscles during machine and live scrums. Nine male front-row forwards scrummaged as individuals against a scrum machine under "crouch-touch-set" and "crouch-bind-set" conditions, and against a two-player opposition in a simulated live condition. Muscle activities of the sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and erector spinae were measured over the pre-engagement, engagement, and sustained-push phases. The "crouch-bind-set" condition increased muscle activity of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid before and during the engagement phase in machine scrummaging. During the sustained-push phase, live scrummaging generated higher activities of the erector spinae than either machine conditions. These results suggest that the pre-bind, prior to engagement, may effectively prepare the cervical spine by stiffening joints before the impact phase. Additionally, machine scrummaging does not replicate the muscular demands of live scrummaging for the erector spinae, and for this reason, we advise rugby union forwards to ensure scrummaging is practiced in live situations to improve the specificity of their neuromuscular activation strategies in relation to resisting external loads.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinal muscle activity in simulated rugby union scrummaging is affected by different engagement conditions

Cazzola

Stone

Holsgrove

et al. 2015

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Functional magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography has demonstrated the significant role that the erector spinae muscle group has during extension exercises and athletic activities (De Ridder, et al, 2015;Sharp, et al, 2014). Additionally, training programs targeting the lumbar extensor muscles have previously demonstrated significant improvements in vertical jump height and sprint speed, supporting the significant role that these muscles play in physical performance (Imai, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of elastic therapeutic taping on lumbar extensor isokinetic performance

Knapman

Fallon

O'Connor

et al. 2017

Physical Therapy in Sport

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Objective: To investigate the effects of elastic therapeutic tape when applied overlaying the lumbar extensors on different measures of muscle performance, compared to a placebo taping technique and a no-tape control.Relevance: Elastic therapeutic tape is frequently used as an adjunct to enhance athletic performance amongst athletes. However, limited research exists supporting its application on isokinetic performance of the lumbar extensor muscles. Methods:A cross-sectional experimental study. 21 participants received three taping conditions in a randomised order: elastic therapeutic tape, a placebo tape and a notape control. Peak torque, the time taken to reach peak torque and peak velocity were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Analysis:Friedman's test and post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to determine the statistical differences between the three taping conditions. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Results:A statistically significant improvement in peak lumbar extensor torque was observed when comparing elastic therapeutic tape with the no-tape control (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant differences in time taken to reach peak torque and peak velocity (p > 0.05). Conclusions:Results demonstrate that the application of elastic therapeutic tape overlaying the primary lumbar extensors significantly improves the maximal lumbar extension peak torque in healthy, asymptomatic adults.3

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“…A reduction in muscle contractility and a decline in voluntary activation of the vastus lateralis has been purported and that both peripheral and central mechanisms may be responsible for scrummaging fatigue [14]. However, previous studies have only examined one or two muscles [13,14] and the activation levels of other muscles during scrummaging in front row forwards warrant further investigation [4,13,14,20]. Furthermore, the assessment of lower limb and 'core' muscles, (gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius, and the abdominal complex) have been inadequately examined and little is known…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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2017

Sports Med Int Open

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An EMG assessment of Front Row Rugby Union Scrummaging

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Spinal muscle activity in simulated rugby union scrummaging is affected by different engagement conditions

Spinal muscle activity in simulated rugby union scrummaging is affected by different engagement conditions

The effect of elastic therapeutic taping on lumbar extensor isokinetic performance

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