An Empirical Analysis of the Design Case Law of the EU Member States

Church, Oliver; Derclaye, Estelle; Stupfler, Gilles

doi:10.1007/s40319-019-00813-0

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…4 A designer can also opt for national design protection, but this is outside the scope of this paper. 5 Church et al (2019). 6 Kur (2003), p. 55. dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differences in Immaterial Details: Dimensional Conversion and Its Implications for Protecting Digital Designs Under EU Design Law

Antikainen

2021

IIC

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The paper considers three main questions: the legal status of digital designs from the perspective of EU design law, whether the protection is tied to the reproduction of physical products, and whether the scope of protection covers dimensional conversion such as using a 3D design in 2D form or vice versa. There are two sets of views regarding dimensional conversion: the “abstract” and the “concrete” view. These two different attitudes towards the scope of protection influence the manner in which the protectability of digital designs is assessed. In the “abstract” protection, it would not matter whether a product only exists as a digital image and not as a physical shape. In the “concrete” view, the protection of digital designs is more problematic, as the scope of protection is often tied to the reproduction of an actual physical product. The paper argues that, under CJEU jurisprudence and EUIPO practice, most of the open questions regarding the protection of digital designs and dimensional conversion can be considered as solved. The CJEU has chosen “abstract” protection over “concrete”, thus broadening the scope of protection at the EU level. This means that the digital use of non-digital designs can now be seen as infringing. As a consequence, in the future, right holders should put more care into evaluating the limitations and exceptions. The paper points this out with regard to the issues that are of relevance for the gaming industry, as this is where the use of digital designs is most versatile and relevant.

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“…4 A designer can also opt for national design protection, but this is outside the scope of this paper. 5 Church et al (2019). 6 Kur (2003), p. 55. dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differences in Immaterial Details: Dimensional Conversion and Its Implications for Protecting Digital Designs Under EU Design Law

Antikainen

2021

IIC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Com o fortalecimento do comércio e da burguesia, passava a ser útil aos monarcas conferir a alguns privilégios, isto é, direitos de exploração econômica exclusiva, especialmente frente aos investimentos realizados por determinados comerciantes, como livreiros. Os privilégios se tornaram especialmente importantes após a popularização da impressão por tipos móveis, criada por Gutemberg, e tornaram-se uma espécie de precursores de direitos de propriedade intelectual 6 .…”

Section: Das Guildas Aos Cartéis -A Proteção Da Moda Através Dos Séculosunclassified

“…Na Inglaterra, especialmente, o avanço da produção manufatureira e o declínio antecipado 6 FRAGOSO, João Henrique da Rocha. Direito de Autor e Copyright -Fundamentos Históricos e Sociológicos.…”

Section: Das Guildas Aos Cartéis -A Proteção Da Moda Através Dos Séculosunclassified

“…Nesse sentido, C. Scott Hemphill e Jennie Suk afirmam que alguns autores reconhecem que a moda é um demarcador social, um instrumento das elites para se diferenciarem das classes mais baixas (nas linhas das intenções dos códigos sumptuários existentes antes do século XX), de moda que a mudança na moda decorreria de uma tensão entre a manutenção da estratificação social, de um lado, e a mobilidade social, de outro 6 . Haveria, portanto, um efeito de gotejamento dos estilos das elites para as massas, que por sua vez estimularia que os abastados encontrassem novos meios de diferenciarem-se.…”

Section: No Limiar Entre Arte E Indústria -Criatividade E Oportunismo...unclassified

“…Apesar de dados presentes em diversos levantamentos e estudos divergirem (possivelmente devido a diferentes metodologias), o consenso é da grande importância econômica do mercado da moda. De acordo com dados da Fashion United, o setor da moda valeria três trilhões de dólares, o equivalente a 2% do "PIB" mundial 6 . Um relatório do Joint Economic Committee do Congresso Americano em 2015 avaliou, por sua vez, que a moda era uma indústria de 1,2 trilhões de dólares 7 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Desenho industrial não-registrado e proteção s>i<ui generis>/i< no mercado da moda: Uma alternativa viável às formas de proteção tradicionais?

Sanchez

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The Borderline Between Legitimate and Unfair Copying of Products – A Unified Scandinavian Approach?

Viken

2020

IIC

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Freedom of imitation, outside the boundaries of intellectual property protection, can be considered as a prerequisite for free competition in a free market economy. The rules on unfair competition should therefore not serve to extend exclusive rights beyond their scope and term of protection. On the other hand, regulations within national law that prohibit the unfair copying of products may be justified in order to avoid market failure, being directed towards the optimizing of fair competition among honest traders. The borderline between these two opposite positions is regulated with different approaches in the European countries. This article considers the extent to which the public interest in free competition and the protection of a trader against unfair competition function together in a complementary manner under Scandinavian legislation. In the early 1970s, the Scandinavian countries developed a distinctive approach to regulations on unfair competition under the Marketing Laws. This article undertakes an investigation of these regulations relating to the borderline between legitimate and unfair copying as of 2020, revealing the extent to which there is a unified approach to copying in Scandinavia. Differences between the regulations will have influence on the legal relationship and conflicts among traders operating in all three countries, while a unified Scandinavian approach could serve as a robust solution for navigating the borderline between legitimate and unfair copying. Such analysis might also shed light on how a Scandinavian approach fits into a broader European perspective on this borderline. Thus, the aim of this article is to analyze potential different approaches to the tension between the marketing rules outside the boundaries of intellectual property protection and the principle of legitimate copying. Examination of this borderline can be connected to how the trader’s investments and behaviour are balanced against a market-oriented approach to copying.

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An Empirical Analysis of the Design Case Law of the EU Member States

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Differences in Immaterial Details: Dimensional Conversion and Its Implications for Protecting Digital Designs Under EU Design Law

Differences in Immaterial Details: Dimensional Conversion and Its Implications for Protecting Digital Designs Under EU Design Law

Desenho industrial não-registrado e proteção s>i<ui generis>/i< no mercado da moda: Uma alternativa viável às formas de proteção tradicionais?

The Borderline Between Legitimate and Unfair Copying of Products – A Unified Scandinavian Approach?

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