An empirical evaluation of policy options for inclusive dairy value chain development in Nicaragua: A system dynamics approach

Lie, Helene; Rich, Karl M.; Hoek, Rein van der; Dizyee, Kanar

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2018.03.008

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In intermediate market conditions, they serve as collection and aggregation centers that are highly valued. In more sophisticated markets, however, in order to stay competitive they have to move beyond being what Royer, et al [57] call a 'claim group' and develop into more efficient service providers.…”

Section: Sustainability Of Intensification Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensification and Upgrading Dynamics in Emerging Dairy Clusters in the East African Highlands

et al. 2018

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Based on farmer and value chain actor interviews, this comparative study of five emerging dairy clusters elaborates on the upgrading of farming systems, value chains, and context shapes transformations from semi-subsistent to market-oriented dairy farming. The main results show unequal cluster upgrading along two intensification dimensions: dairy feeding system and cash cropping. Intensive dairy is competing with other high-value cash crop options that resource-endowed farmers specialize in, given conducive support service arrangements and context conditions. A large number of drivers and co-dependencies between technical, value chain, and institutional upgrading build up to system jumps. Transformation may take decades when market and context conditions remain sub-optimal. Clusters can be expected to move further along initial intensification pathways, unless actors consciously redirect course. The main theoretical implications for debate about cluster upgrading are that co-dependencies between farming system, market, and context factors determine upgrading outcomes; the implications for the debate about intensification pathways are that they need to consider differences in farmer resource endowments, path dependency, concurrency, and upgrading investments. Sustainability issues for consideration include enabling a larger proportion of resource-poor farmers to participate in markets; enabling private input and service provision models; attention for food safety; and climate smartness.

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Section: Sustainability Of Intensification Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensification and Upgrading Dynamics in Emerging Dairy Clusters in the East African Highlands

et al. 2018

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“…System dynamic modelling is another analytical approach that can be aligned with value chain analysis and used to evaluate feedback effects among different components and sub-components of a system and understand trade-offs and system-wide consequences. The approach has recently been applied in the context of food systems [36,99,100] and has the potential to be applied more specifically in the assessment of nutritional outcomes of food system interventions. Similarly, food systems depend upon access to scarce environmental resources and operate in a national and global policy context that includes environmental goals, such as greenhouse gas emissions reduction (SDG 13 climate action).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value Chains and Diet Quality: A Review of Impact Pathways and Intervention Strategies

et al. 2019

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Low and middle-income countries increasingly face a triple burden of malnutrition encompassing undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency, and excessive energy consumption contributing to overweight and obesity. Food systems are also becoming more complex, supported by investments in food processing and retailing. Traditional approaches addressing hunger, typically based on agricultural development, are deemed insufficient alone to address the problem and attention is now being directed to food value chains, although experience is currently limited. To assess the state of science and identify knowledge gaps, an integrative review of the broad topic of value chains and diet quality was undertaken, with particular focus on interventions and their related impact pathways. Interventions were classified according to their primary orientation: to increase the availability, accessibility, or desirability of nutritious food. We identified 24 separate interventions associated with 10 different impact pathways, demonstrating the numerous entry points and large potential for value chain interventions to influence diet quality. However, case study evidence regarding effectiveness remains scant. Most studies addressed individual nutrient-rich commodities that could address a nutritional deficiency in the community of interest. Rarely was overall diet quality assessed, and future studies could benefit from taking a wider perspective of dietary patterns and food substitutions. The value chain analytical approach was deemed valuable due to its consumer orientation that seeks to understand how food products are used and what motivates their choice. The systems perspective is also important as it considers the roles of actors involved in food production, distribution, marketing, and regulation. However, few studies directly engaged with the subject of the local food environment as the bridge connecting food production and food choice. The challenge is to combat the increasing prevalence of processed foods of low nutritional value through interventions that lead to nutritious food becoming more conveniently available, affordable, and desirable.

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“…Livestock systems are complex, with feedback loops and often counterintuitive dynamic impacts. System dynamics modelling has been used in a number of papers to better understand herd dynamics and manage farming systems [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. However, to date, to our knowledge, system dynamics modelling has not been applied to the evaluation of the dynamic behaviour of a donkey farming system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential for New Donkey Farming Systems to Supply the Growing Demand for Hides

Bennett

Pfuderer

2020

Animals

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The demand for donkey hides for ejiao, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, has resulted in rapidly increasing prices for donkey hides and donkeys. This has put pressure on donkey populations globally and has implications for donkey welfare and the livelihoods of those who rely on donkeys as working animals. The aim of the research was to explore the feasibility of setting up new donkey farming systems to supply the rising demand for ejiao using a system dynamics model of donkey production. Results show that the size of the initial female breeding herd, reproductive performance, age of reproduction, percentage of female births and average breeding life of donkeys are key variables affecting the time to build up the donkey population to supply the demand for hides, which will be at least ten to fifteen years. The implications of this are: (i) prices for donkey hides will continue to increase, (ii) companies producing ejiao will use other ingredients, (iii) China will continue to source donkey hides from around the world, and (iv) there will be continued theft and illegal trade of donkeys and concerns for rural households reliant on donkeys for their livelihoods and adverse impacts on donkey welfare.

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An empirical evaluation of policy options for inclusive dairy value chain development in Nicaragua: A system dynamics approach

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

Intensification and Upgrading Dynamics in Emerging Dairy Clusters in the East African Highlands

Intensification and Upgrading Dynamics in Emerging Dairy Clusters in the East African Highlands

Value Chains and Diet Quality: A Review of Impact Pathways and Intervention Strategies

The Potential for New Donkey Farming Systems to Supply the Growing Demand for Hides

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