An Empirical Investigation of E-Banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: The Moderating Effect of Attitude

Hamakhan, Yadgar Taha M.

doi:10.2478/fiqf-2020-0006

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Hypothesis testing is obtained, for the structural model, for this study by the Bootstrapping procedure using the one-tailed test, rather than the two-tailed, with 5000 samples, Mode B (Sarstedt et al 2019), and Bias-Corrected, and Accelerated (BCa), as presented in Tables 8, and 9. Testing the hypothesis using the one-tailed test is more appropriate when the hypothesis direction is clear to minimise the type II error (Hamakhan 2020). Bootstrapping is a resampling approach that draws random samples (with replacement) from the data.…”

Section: Hypothesis Testing: Bootstrapping Direct Effect Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, UTAUT is the only theory that the research framework is based on. Other theories can be used as bases to build the research frameworks on, for example, TRA, TPB, TAM 1, 2, and 3, UTAUT 2, and so on (Hamakhan 2020;Hama Khan 2019;Khan 2018). Third, the data are non-normally distributed, which is not suitable for a Covariance Based Structural Equation Modelling approach (CB-SEM), and the sample size is not large.…”

Section: Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of individual factors on user behaviour and the moderating role of trust: an empirical investigation of consumers’ acceptance of electronic banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Hamakhan

2020

Financ Innov

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The popularity of self-service technologies, particularly in the banking industry, more precisely with electronic banking channel services, has undergone a major change as individuals' lifestyles develop. This change has affected individuals’ decisions about accepting any new Information Technology, and Information Communications Technology services that are electronically mediated, for example, E-Banking channel services. This study investigates the effect of Individual Factors on User Behaviour, and the moderating role of Trust in the relationship between Individual Factors, and User Behaviour based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. This research proposes a model, with a second-order components research framework. It improves current explanations of the acceptance of electronic banking channel services. Furthermore, this study highlights the role of trust on the acceptance of electronic banking channel services, which is the most crucial consideration in customers’ decisions to accept electronic banking channels services. Thus, trust is the spine of the system in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Data were collected using an online questionnaire that received 476 valid responses from academic staff who work at the University of Sulaimani. The model tested data using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling approach. The results show that Individual Factors have a positive effect on User Behaviour. Besides, results show that trust moderates the relationship between Individual Factors and User Behaviour.

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Section: Hypothesis Testing: Bootstrapping Direct Effect Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of individual factors on user behaviour and the moderating role of trust: an empirical investigation of consumers’ acceptance of electronic banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Hamakhan

2020

Financ Innov

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“…Therefore, given these challenges and the limited investigation of the technical factors, we formulated our following hypotheses using the proposed model adopted from UTAUT. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) with the TAM model is considered one of the most cited models in the area of using technology [46]. As well as, UTAUT was found to outperform many of the previous theories [40].…”

Section: The Importance Of Technical Factors On Mobile Learning Accepmentioning

confidence: 99%

For Sustainable Application of Mobile Learning: An Extended UTAUT Model to Examine the Effect of Technical Factors on the Usage of Mobile Devices as a Learning Tool

et al. 2021

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Mobile devices have become an important tool in higher education. Although mobile devices have several benefits for students, the use of these devices is still very limited among students. This low percentage of usage could be attributed to several reasons, both technical and non-technical. Therefore, there is a need to conduct more research in order to understand the necessary factors that would lead to enhanced student usage, thus achieving sustainable mobile learning. In order to achieve that, our study proposes a model by employing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to investigate the necessary factors that influence intention to use mobile learning among university students. To evaluate the proposed model, structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to analyze data collected from 612 students. The results indicated that factors, such as device connectivity, device compatibility, device memory, device performance, network coverage, and network speed have a significant and positive influence on students’ intention to use mobile learning. This research provides important recommendations for university decision makers and developers on understanding the necessary factors for adopting mobile learning and reflect the students’ requirements.

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“…Despite the various studies that have been conducted on mobile learning, scholarly analysis largely continues to be directed towards the angle of mobile learning (M-Learning) [11]. Illuminating this finding can provide a greater understanding of this type of technology and its applications [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Sustainable Mobile Learning: A Brief Review of the Factors Influencing Acceptance of the Use of Mobile Phones as Learning Tools

et al. 2020

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Mobile phones have become widespread in the modern era. One contemporary use of mobile phones is in the education field, commonly known as M-Learning. Subsequent to the growth of M-Learning, developers of educational mobile applications need to understand what the user requirements are, and how to satisfy them. In order to measure user satisfaction while engaging with mobiles as learning tools, many models have been created using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, and other models such as the Technology Acceptance Model. However, none of these has focused on the technical factors affecting the users’ intentions to use their mobile phones as learning tools. Due to technical limitations, as well as human psychology, mobile phone learning remains limited to an assistance-only function. This paper presents a review of studies that have been used to measure users’ intentions of engaging with mobile phones as learning tools. One hundred and twenty-seven papers have been reviewed, dating from 2011 to 2020. These papers differ in terms of methodology and results collected. Results showed that many models had been extended by adding factors such as trust, pre-usage or attitude. Moreover, this review concludes that almost none of the above-mentioned studies had identified precisely the technical factors that may affect the intention of using this type of technology in education. However, when classifying the influential factors of M-Learning, almost none of the studies discussed the advantages of the technical aspect in imparting knowledge through mobile learning. This study is significant for the education industry in its identification of the relative importance of these factors where mobiles are involved in the learning process. In addition, it provides a brief history of the involvement of technology in education.

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An Empirical Investigation of E-Banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: The Moderating Effect of Attitude

Cited by 6 publications

References 102 publications

The effect of individual factors on user behaviour and the moderating role of trust: an empirical investigation of consumers’ acceptance of electronic banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

The effect of individual factors on user behaviour and the moderating role of trust: an empirical investigation of consumers’ acceptance of electronic banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

For Sustainable Application of Mobile Learning: An Extended UTAUT Model to Examine the Effect of Technical Factors on the Usage of Mobile Devices as a Learning Tool

Towards Sustainable Mobile Learning: A Brief Review of the Factors Influencing Acceptance of the Use of Mobile Phones as Learning Tools

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