“…Many researchers studied the existence of AEG and alternative methods to reduce the gap (McEnroe and Martes (2001), in England: Humphrey et al (1993), in Ireland: Robinson ve Lyttle (1991), in Australia: Monroe ve Woodliff (1993) and Schelluch (1996), in South Africa: Gloeck ve De Jager (1993), in Denmark: Hojskov (1998), in Netherlands: Hassink et al, (2009), in Singapore: Best et al (2001), in Malaysia: Fadzly ve Ahmad (2004), in China: Lin ve Chen (2004), in Egypt Dixon et al (2006), in Lebanon: Sidani (2007), in Saudi Arabia: Haniffa and Hudaib (2007)). …”