An Empirical Study on the Fault-Inducing Effect of Functional Constructs in Python

Zampetti, Fiorella; Belias, Francois; Zid, Cyrine; Antoniol, Giuliano; Penta, Massimiliano Di

doi:10.1109/icsme55016.2022.00013

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

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Staged Specification Logic for Verifying Higher-Order Imperative Programs

Foo,

Song,

Chin

2024

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Higher-order functions and imperative states are language features supported by many mainstream languages. Their combination is expressive and useful, but complicates specification and reasoning, due to the use of yet-to-be-instantiated function parameters. One inherent limitation of existing specification mechanisms is its reliance ononly two stages : an initial stage to denote the precondition at the start of the method and a final stage to capture the postcondition. Such two-stage specifications forceabstract propertiesto be imposed on unknown function parameters, leading to less precise specifications for higher-order methods. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a novel extension to Hoare logic that supportsmultiple stagesfor a call-by-value higher-order language with ML-like local references. Multiple stages allow the behavior of unknown function-type parameters to be captured abstractly as uninterpreted relations; and can also model the repetitive behavior of each recursion as a separate stage. In this paper, we define our staged logic with its semantics, prove its soundness and develop a new automated higher-order verifier, calledHeifer, for a core ML-like language.

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