An endogenous distributed model of ordering in serial recall

Farrell, Simon; Lewandowsky, Stephan

doi:10.3758/bf03196257

Cited by 322 publications

(456 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the nature of the context is controversial. Alternative suggestions include time, temporal position within a list, list position, and position from the ends of the list (see Botvinick & Plaut, 2006;Brown, Neath, & Chater, 2007;Brown, Preece, & Hulme, 2000;Burgess & Hitch, 1999;Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2002Grossberg & Pearson, 2008;Henson, Norris, Page, & Baddeley, 1996;Lewandowsky & Farrell, 2008).…”

Section: Abstract: Hologram Memory Learning Recallmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Mellers¹,

Stone²,

Atanasov³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

137

130

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This article extends psychological methods and concepts into a domain that is as profoundly consequential as it is poorly understood: intelligence analysis. We report findings from a geopolitical forecasting tournament that assessed the accuracy of more than 150,000 forecasts of 743 participants on 199 events occurring over 2 years. Participants were above average in intelligence and political knowledge relative to the general population. Individual differences in performance emerged, and forecasting skills were surprisingly consistent over time. Key predictors were (a) dispositional variables of cognitive ability, political knowledge, and openmindedness; (b) situational variables of training in probabilistic reasoning and participation in collaborative teams that shared information and discussed rationales (Mellers, Ungar, et al., 2014); and (c) behavioral variables of deliberation time and frequency of belief updating. We developed a profile of the best forecasters; they were better at inductive reasoning, pattern detection, cognitive flexibility, and open-mindedness. They had greater understanding of geopolitics, training in probabilistic reasoning, and opportunities to succeed in cognitively enriched team environments. Last but not least, they viewed forecasting as a skill that required deliberate practice, sustained effort, and constant monitoring of current affairs. A t APA, we understand how challenging it can be for you to stay abreast of the latest and best academic research on psychology. Disciplines Finance and Financial Management | Social and Behavioral Sciences

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Section: Abstract: Hologram Memory Learning Recallmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Mellers¹,

Stone²,

Atanasov³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

137

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…SOB-CS is an extension of the SOB model of serial recall (Farrell, 2006;Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2002) to complex span. 1 SOB-CS is a two-layer connectionist network, with one layer for representing memory items and the other layer for representing their list positions ( Figure 1A).…”

Section: Control Of Information In Working Memory: Encoding and Removmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of information in working memory: Encoding and removal of distractors in the complex-span paradigm

Oberauer

Lewandowsky

2016

Cognition

Self Cite

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“…However, it remains possible that these generated verbal representations would have interfered with, or overwritten, the representations of memoranda, given that the two classes of items shared phonological features with each other (Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2002;Nairne, 1990;Oberauer, 2009;. Certainly, this could readily explain why verbal processing leads to greater forgetting than nonverbal processing in the current tasks, even though verbal processing took no longer to complete.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

"How does processing affect storage in working memory tasks? Evidence for both domain-general and domain-specific effects": Correction to Jarrold et al. (2011).

Jarrold¹,

Tam²,

Baddeley³

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms AbstractThree studies are presented that examine why the processing demands within working memory tasks lead to forgetting of the memoranda. In each, separate groups of adult participants were asked to carry out either verbal or nonverbal operations on exactly the same processing materials, while maintaining verbal storage items. The imposition of verbal processing tended to produce greater forgetting, despite the fact that verbal processing operations took no longer to complete than nonverbal processing operations.However, nonverbal processing did cause forgetting, relative to baseline control conditions, and evidence from the timing of individuals' processing responses suggested that individuals in both processing groups slowed their responses in order to 'refresh' the memoranda. Taken together the data suggest that processing has a domain-general effect on working memory performance by impeding refreshment of memoranda, but can also cause effects, which appear domain-specific, either by blocking rehearsal or as a result of interference. In addition, the balance of these effects depends on the structure of the working memory task employed. How does processing 3How does processing affect storage in working memory tasks? Evidence for both domain-general and domain-specific effects Complex span tasks are seen by many to be the 'gold standard' measure of working memory Jarrold & Towse, 2006). In complex span tasks, participants are asked to encode lists of memoranda (which are to be recalled later) while intermittently performing some kind of distracting processing activity (Case, Kurland, & Goldberg, 1982;Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). In general, complex span performance is inferior to that of simple span, which measures immediate recall of memoranda after their presentation in the absence of distracting processing activity (e.g., Duff & Logie, 2001;Hutton & Towse, 2001;La Pointe & Engle, 1990).Consequently, and perhaps unsurprisingly, the presence of the processing activity within a complex span task tends to cause forgetting of memoranda presented during the task.One reason for the substantial research interest in the complex span task is that performance on this measure is typically a strong correlate of measures of intelligence in adults (Bayliss, Jarrold, Gunn, & Baddeley, 2003;Kyllonen & Christal, 1990;Süß, Oberauer, Wittmann, Wilhelm, & Schulze, 2002) and of academic achievement in children (Bayliss et al., 2003; Bull, Epsy, & Wiebe, 2008;Swanson, 2008). Furthermore, many would argue that complex span performance is a significantly stronger correlate of these abilities than is simple span (Conway, Cowan, Bunting, Therriault, & Minkoff, 2002; Engle, Tuholski, Luaghlin, & Conway, 1999; Oberauer, Schulze, Wilhelm, & Süß, 2005), indicating that the forgetting caused by the imposit...

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An endogenous distributed model of ordering in serial recall

Cited by 322 publications

References 65 publications

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Control of information in working memory: Encoding and removal of distractors in the complex-span paradigm

"How does processing affect storage in working memory tasks? Evidence for both domain-general and domain-specific effects": Correction to Jarrold et al. (2011).

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