An Endogenous Tachykinergic NK2/NK3 Receptor Cascade System Controlling the Release of Serotonin from Colonic Mucosa

Kojima, Sunao; Tohei, Atsushi; Ikeda, Masashi; Anzai, Naohiko

doi:10.2174/1570159x13666150825220524

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this way, the presence of low amounts of PYY and low densities of PYY cells in the large intestine will impair the release of PYY, contributing to the dysmotility that is associated with IBS in that this hormone inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion, delays the emptying of the stomach, and increases water and electrolyte absorption ( 88 ). Moreover, inferred from the fact that PYY modulates 5-HT release, which regulates visceral sensitivity, the low PYY concentration could indirectly contribute to IBS symptoms of visceral hypersensitivity ( 89 ). It has been reported that the consumption of LFD increases the PYY cell density to the normal level in IBS patients and improves the symptoms of IBS as well ( 82 ); in a similar manner, SCFAs, one of the fermentation products of intestinal microbes, have been reported to promote gene expression and stimulate the production of PYY ( 90 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Research Trends in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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BackgroundThere are about 10–23% of adults worldwide suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Over the past few decades, there are many aspects of uncertainty regarding IBS leading to an ongoing interest in the topic as reflected by a vast number of publications, whose heterogeneity and variable quality may challenge researchers to measure their scientific impact, to identify collaborative networks, and to grasp actively researched themes. Accordingly, with help from bibliometric approaches, our goal is to assess the structure, evolution, and trends of IBS research between 2007 and 2022.MethodsThe documents exclusively focusing on IBS from 2007 to 2022 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection. The annual productivity of IBS research, and the most prolific countries or regions, authors, journals and resource-, intellectual- and knowledge-sharing in IBS research, as well as co-citation analysis of references and keywords were analyzed through Microsoft Office Excel 2019, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer.ResultsIn total, 4,092 publications were reviewed. The USA led the list of countries with the most publications (1,226, 29.96%). Mayo Clinic contributed more publications than any other institution (193, 4.71%). MAGNUS SIMREN stood out as the most active and impactful scholar with the highest number of publications and the greatest betweenness centrality value. The most high-yield journal in this field was Neurogastroenterology and motility: the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society (275, 6.72%). Gastroenterology had the most co-citations (3,721, 3.60%). Keywords with the ongoing strong citation bursts were chromogranin A, rat model, peptide YY, gut microbiota, and low-FODMAP diet, etc.ConclusionThrough bibliometric analysis, we gleaned deep insight into the current status of literature investigating IBS for the first time. These findings will be useful to scholars interested in understanding the key information in the field, as well as identifying possible research frontiers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Research Trends in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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“…In the hypothalamus, the neurokinin B is co-expressed with kisspeptin [52], a neuropeptide involved in 5-HT turnover stimulation [53]. Neurokinin B and kisspeptin showed also a cooperative mechanism at the neuroendocrine level [54], whereas the activation of NK3R triggered colon 5-HT release, especially in pro-inflammatory conditions [55]. Interestingly, in our ex vivo model, the cortexes exposed to the neurotoxic stimulus showed a supra-physiological 5-HT overflow and subsequent increase in 5-HT turnover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects Induced by Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol in Rat CTX-TNA2 Astrocytes and Isolated Cortexes

Giacomo

Chiavaroli

Recinella

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) are Cannabis sativa terpenophenols. Although CBD’s effectiveness against neurological diseases has already been demonstrated, nothing is known about CBG. Therefore, a comparison of the effects of these compounds was performed in two experimental models mimicking the oxidative stress and neurotoxicity occurring in neurological diseases. Rat astrocytes were exposed to hydrogen peroxide and cell viability, reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis occurrence were investigated. Cortexes were exposed to K+ 60 mM depolarizing stimulus and serotonin (5-HT) turnover, 3-hydroxykinurenine and kynurenic acid levels were measured. A proteomic analysis and bioinformatics and docking studies were performed. Both compounds exerted antioxidant effects in astrocytes and restored the cortex level of 5-HT depleted by neurotoxic stimuli, whereas sole CBD restored the basal levels of 3-hydroxykinurenine and kynurenic acid. CBG was less effective than CBD in restoring the levels of proteins involved in neurotransmitter exocytosis. Docking analyses predicted the inhibitory effects of these compounds towards the neurokinin B receptor. Conclusion: The results in the in vitro system suggest brain non-neuronal cells as a target in the treatment of oxidative conditions, whereas findings in the ex vivo system and docking analyses imply the potential roles of CBD and CBG as neuroprotective agents.

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“…The remaining two RCTs showed the effect of ramosetron and antidepressants for symptoms of IBS [ 28 , 37 ]. There were four in vitro trials included in the review [ 15 , 18 , 23 , 24 ]. One of those in vitro trials showed how NK2/NK3 receptors control serotonin release [ 15 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were four in vitro trials included in the review [ 15 , 18 , 23 , 24 ]. One of those in vitro trials showed how NK2/NK3 receptors control serotonin release [ 15 ]. One of the in vitro trials discussed the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) and IBS relationship [ 18 ], and the remaining two in vitro trials displayed how tumor growth factor-beta one and glucagon-like peptide-1 modulate SERT transcription, respectively [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Serotonin Level Fluctuation Affects the Effectiveness of Treatment in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Vahora¹,

Tsouklidis²,

Kumar³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. It affects both men and women. Enteric serotonin (5HT) is responsible for gut motility, secretion, visceral hypersensitivity, and inflammation. The serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) maintains serotonin levels by regulating its reuptake. An increase in SERT expression causes a decrease in serotonin, which leads to IBS-C (irritable bowel syndrome, constipation-predominant), whereas a decrease in SERT transcription causes an increase in serotonin, which leads to IBS-D (irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea-predominant). Some factors can alter SERT transcription, such as certain bacteria, inflammation, growth factor, and glucagon-like peptide-1. This shows that 5HT and SERT both have an important role in IBS pathophysiology so that it would be a better subject to target for the treatment aspect of IBS. 5HT3 receptor antagonists are advisable for IBS-D to block the excessive activity of serotonin at the 5HT3 receptor and reduce gut motility. For IBS-C, we prescribe 5HT4 receptor agonists, which promote gut motility. Also, the latest treatment approach, antidepressant drugs TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants) and SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), are helpful by modulating serotonin levels in the gut. In this literature review, we found that serotonin is one of the main pathophysiological factors for IBS, and we can treat IBS by targeting serotonin function on gut motility.

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An Endogenous Tachykinergic NK2/NK3 Receptor Cascade System Controlling the Release of Serotonin from Colonic Mucosa

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Global Research Trends in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study

Global Research Trends in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects Induced by Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol in Rat CTX-TNA2 Astrocytes and Isolated Cortexes

How Serotonin Level Fluctuation Affects the Effectiveness of Treatment in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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