An endophyticPenicillium oxalicumisolated fromCitrus limonpossesses antioxidant and genoprotective potential

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed at isolating endophytic fungi from Citrus limon (L.) possessing antioxidative and genoprotective potential. Methods and Results: Endophytic fungi were screened for antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl,1-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging assay and maximum activity (79Á70%) was exhibited by culture MP1 identified to be Penicillium oxalicum on the basis of morphological and molecular characteristics. The ethyl acetate extract of MP1 was subjected to silica column chromatography followed by LH 20 column chromatography for purification of active metabolites. The partially purified active fraction of P. oxalicum MP1 possessed good antioxidant activity as detected using various assays. It also exhibited a strong DNA damage protection potential on pUC19 plasmid DNA treated with Fenton reagent. On exposure to active fraction of MP1 significant reduction (P < 0Á05) in nuclear deformities (like nuclear buds, micronuclei, nuclear ridges and binucleated cells) was observed in human lymphocytes pretreated with a toxic concentration of H 2 O 2 . In vivo genoprotectivity studies were conducted in fresh water fish Channa punctatus pretreated with a damaging compound 4-nonyl phenol. The active fraction of P. oxalicum MP1 caused a reduction of 94Á7 and 66Á60% in micronuclei and aberrant cell formation, respectively. A significant reduction (P < 0Á05) in tail length and tail DNA parameters was also observed in comet assay. Conclusion: The endophytic P. oxalicum isolated in this study has the potential to produce metabolites possessing antioxidant and genoprotective activities.Significance and Impact of the Study: The isolated culture can be exploited in the field of therapeutics by virtue of its in vitro and in vivo genoprotective potential.involved in the aetiology of major health related disorders (Pham-Huy et al. 2008). Excessive ROS induction can stimulate oxidative damage in biomolecules (lipid, proteins and DNA) and promote a number of chronic diseases like diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, Alzheimer's, rheumatoid arthritis, ageing and other degenerative disorders (Uttara et al. 2009;Ahmad et al. 2017). It has been estimated that out of 57 million deaths occurring worldwide, 36 million were due to major health related non communicable diseases like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc. and this is expected to increase to 44

Assessment of Biological Activities of Fungal Endophytes Derived Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Amoora rohituka

“…However, A. flavus have been reported with significant antioxidant activity and with a positive correlation with the phenolic content. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of EA extract of P. oxalicum was in accordance with previous study, which showed that fungal endophyte P. oxalicum isolated from Citrus limon showed linear correlation between high phenolic content and DPPH scavenging activity with an EC 50 value of 127.56 µg/mL [44]. The metabolites N-[2-(4 hydroxyphenyl) ethenyl] formamide and tuckolide isolated from P. oxalicum were effective against DPPH radical scavenging assay with EC 50 values of 18.53 and 79.17 µg/mL, respectively [45].…”

Fungal Endophytes of Vitis vinifera—Plant Growth Promotion Factors

“…Penicillium is another fungal endophytic genus studied in more detail with high antioxidant activity [7,54]. In berries, two of the Penicillium crustosum isolates showed high antioxidant activity (23.9 and 19.1 mg AA L −1 ) which is in connection with previous studies [7,55,56]. Other fungal endophytes with high antioxidant activity are Fusarium sp.…”

Antioxidant Compound of Endophytic Fungi Penecillium oxalicum Isolated from Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq

“…It was found that the DMP1 fungus had DNA similarity with the fungus Penicillium oxalicum isolate HC6 (MH558553) 25 with 100% similarity (figure 1). Penicillium oxalicum is one of the fungi whose extracts are widely used as an anti-fungal, anti-microbial and antioxidant 26,27,28 . The ethyl acetate extract of the fungus Penicillium oxalicum inhibited the peroxidation of linoleic acid by 78% 29 .…”