An enemy in shadows—Mycoplasma hominis septic arthritis and iliopsoas abscess: Case report and review of the literature

Ali, Gawahir A.; Goravey, Wael; Hamad, Abdulrahman; Ibrahim, Emad; Hasan, Mohamed R.; Maslamani, Muna Al; Soub, Hussam Al

doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01260

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Mainly, six Mycoplasma species (M. pneumoniae, M. genitalium, Ureaplasma (U) urealyticum, U. parvum, M. hominis, M. penetrans) have been demonstrated to cause human illness (Waites et al, 2005), such as acute respiratory disease (Waites et al, 2017), joint infections (Ali et al, 2021a;Maȓginean et al, 2021), genital and urinary tract infections (Peter et al, 2018), and neurological disturbance (D'Alonzo et al, 2018;He et al, 2021a). On the other hand, some species mainly infecting animals like M. suis, M. ovis, and M. haemofelis have been detected in humans and regarded as zoonotic pathogens (Maggi et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Human Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinically, arthritis associated with M. pneumoniae infection has been diagnosed in children (Azumagawa et al, 2008). In addition, septic arthritis caused by M. hominis (Ali et al, 2021a) as well as U. parvum (MacKenzie et al, 2010) has been reported in immunosuppressed patients. M. hominis has been identified as a novel periprosthetic joint infection (a rare postoperative complication) using a new tool called "metagenomic sequencing" (Wang et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Mycoplasma Infection and Urogenital Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycoplasmas as Host Pantropic and Specific Pathogens: Clinical Implications, Gene Transfer, Virulence Factors, and Future Perspectives

Dawood

Algharib

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Mycoplasmas as economically important and pantropic pathogens can cause similar clinical diseases in different hosts by eluding host defense and establishing their niches despite their limited metabolic capacities. Besides, enormous undiscovered virulence has a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of pathogenic mycoplasmas. On the other hand, they are host-specific pathogens with some highly pathogenic members that can colonize a vast number of habitats. Reshuffling mycoplasmas genetic information and evolving rapidly is a way to avoid their host’s immune system. However, currently, only a few control measures exist against some mycoplasmosis which are far from satisfaction. This review aimed to provide an updated insight into the state of mycoplasmas as pathogens by summarizing and analyzing the comprehensive progress, current challenge, and future perspectives of mycoplasmas. It covers clinical implications of mycoplasmas in humans and domestic and wild animals, virulence-related factors, the process of gene transfer and its crucial prospects, the current application and future perspectives of nanotechnology for diagnosing and curing mycoplasmosis, Mycoplasma vaccination, and protective immunity. Several questions remain unanswered and are recommended to pay close attention to. The findings would be helpful to develop new strategies for basic and applied research on mycoplasmas and facilitate the control of mycoplasmosis for humans and various species of animals.

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Section: Human Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mycoplasma Infection and Urogenital Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasmas as Host Pantropic and Specific Pathogens: Clinical Implications, Gene Transfer, Virulence Factors, and Future Perspectives

Dawood

Algharib

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Since then, a variety of M. hominis genital infections have been reported 11. Besides, it has been implicated in prosthetic and periprosthetic osteoarticular infection,13–15 retroperitoneal and pelvic abscesses,9 16–18 endocarditis,19 septic arthritis,20 postsurgical meningitis,21 brain abscess22 and ventriculitis 23…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma hominisperitonitis after oocyte donation

Mendoza Cediel,

Garcia Teruel,

Viedma Moreno

et al. 2024

BMJ Case Rep

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We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Peritoneal fluid, obtained during exploratory laparoscopy, yieldedMycoplasma hominisas the sole pathogen. The patient’s symptoms and signs improved after 24-hour treatment with intravenous clindamycin, ampicillin and gentamycin. Complete resolution was achieved with oral doxycycline for 14 days.

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Mycoplasma hominis as Cause of Extragenital Infection in Patients with Hypogammaglobulinemia: Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review

Russo,

Mikulska,

Delfino

et al. 2024

Infect Dis Ther

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Mycoplasma hominis can be a part of human urogenital tract microbiome, and it is a frequent cause of urogenital infections. In rare cases, it can also cause extragenital infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. In this case series, we report two cases and provide a literature review of extragenital infections caused by M. hominis in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. Patient 1 was a 61-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who, after rituximab-containing chemotherapy and CAR-T therapy, developed M. hominis spondylodiscitis. Patient 2 was a 50-year-old woman with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia who developed disseminated M. hominis infection involving pleura, muscles, and right ankle. Antibiotic therapy with levofloxacin and doxycycline for 10 weeks in patient 1 and with levofloxacin alone for 6 weeks in patient 2 led to infection resolution. The literature review identified 14 additional cases reporting M. hominis extragenital infection in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. M. hominis should also be suspected as an etiological agent of extragenital infection in patients with B-cell immunodeficiency with a clinical picture of persistent, standard-culture negative infection, particularly with arthritis or abscess formation. Even if M. hominis can grow on standard bacterial medium, in suspected cases molecular methods should be promptly used for correct diagnostic work-up and successful therapy.

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An enemy in shadows—Mycoplasma hominis septic arthritis and iliopsoas abscess: Case report and review of the literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Mycoplasmas as Host Pantropic and Specific Pathogens: Clinical Implications, Gene Transfer, Virulence Factors, and Future Perspectives

Mycoplasmas as Host Pantropic and Specific Pathogens: Clinical Implications, Gene Transfer, Virulence Factors, and Future Perspectives

Mycoplasma hominisperitonitis after oocyte donation

Mycoplasma hominis as Cause of Extragenital Infection in Patients with Hypogammaglobulinemia: Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review

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