An Energy Aware Multi Slot Scheduling with Two-Layer Hexagonal Based Integrated Aggregation Approach for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN)

Abstract

In the present era, Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is an emerging technology that involves a huge amount of sensor nodes to collect and monitor information from the underwater environment. However, the data transmission process is constrained due to the collision and energy consumption which can adversely affect the performance. Hence, there is an essential need to develop a suitable mechanism that addresses these challenges using a data aggregation-based routing mechanism in UWSN. In this paper, a Multi-Slot Scheduling with a Two-Layer Hexagonal based Integrated Aggregation model (MSS-TLHIA) is proposed that offers a prolonged lifetime with less energy consumption and collision avoidance. In this model, data aggregation is performed using the aggregator node selection process. Initially, the entire network is partitioned into several hexagonal grids using the golden ratio. This partitioning offers an improved coverage area for every node which are participating in the network. Once the network is partitioned into coverage areas called clusters, a Cluster Head (CH) is selected using the ranking-based fuzzy mechanism. Then, an aggregator node is selected in common for both the layers of the hexagonal grids. In order to prevent the energy drain of the aggregator node completely and to prolong their lifetime, the aggregator node is re-selected for every time slot. Furthermore, the occurrence of collision is avoided by the multi-slot scheduling process. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed model is compared with other existing protocols and achieves better results in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, collision rate, packet dropped rate, packet delivery, and data forwarding measures.