An energy budget for juvenile thick‐lipped mullet, <i>Crenimugil labrosus</i> (Risso)

Flowerdew, M. W.; Grove, D. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1980.tb02774.x

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Hepher (1988) collected data from 45 species including five exceptions with exponents of one or so. Cui & Liu (1990) found 0.999 for Pseudobagrus fulvidraco (Richardson) whilst the maintenance requirement, which can be compared to routine energy expenditure, of thick-lipped mullet, Crenimugil labrosus (Risso) scaled with an exponent of 1.04 (Flowerdew & Grove, 1981). Over the small range of weight analysed, no scaling for body weight is apparent for our grass carp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The relationship between specific dynamic action and growth in grass carp, Ctenophavyngodon idella (Val.)

Carter

Brafield

1992

Journal of Fish Biology

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Individual grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellu, were maintained in a respirometer for a month and fed pelleted diets containing various proportions of carbohydrate, fat and protein at different ration levels. Oxygen consumption was measured continuously, allowing the effects of consecutive daily feeding on respiration to be studied. The relationships established between daily food intake and oxygen consumption showed that, on average, 23.3% (high protein diet), 15.3% (high carbohydrate diet), 20.7% (high lipid diet) and 7.0% (Lemnu diet) of the absorbed energy was partitioned into specific dynamic action (SDA). (Here the term SDA is used to describe the oxygen consumption of a feeding fish in excess of the routine metabolic rate.) In terms of the overall energy budgets of growing fish, SDA represented between 12and 58% of the total heat lost over the experimental period and was equivalent to between 14 and 33% of the consumed energy. Ration was positively correlated with heat loss due to total respiration (r=0.881) and with heat loss due to SDA (r=0.762). As ration increased, the size of SDA relative to total respiration increased. Significant positive correlations were found between oxygenconsumption (total or due to SDA) and specific growth rate, and between oxygen consumption and the deposition of protein and energy. However, growth rate had a minimal influence on daily oxygen consumption when compared with food intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The relationship between specific dynamic action and growth in grass carp, Ctenophavyngodon idella (Val.)

Carter

Brafield

1992

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…They partitioned energy from the high protein and high lipid pellets in a similar way to carnivorous species fed pelleted diets. Respiration ( 2 8 4 6 % of consumed energy) and production (18-33%) were found in individual Crenimugil labrosus (Risso) with gross growth efficiencies of over 15% (Flowerdew & Grove, 1980) and compare with our range for grass carp (Table VI). Cui & Liu (19904 constructed average energy budgets for six teleost species fed ad libitum (at approximately the maximum daily intake) and found that R was always the largest component (50-69% of consumed energy) whereas P was much smaller (21-35%).…”

Section: Venkatachalammentioning

confidence: 90%

The bioenergetics of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.): energy allocation at different planes of nutrition

Carter

Brafield

1991

Journal of Fish Biology

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Complete energy budgets were constructed for 19 grass carp, Ctenupharyngudon idella (Val.), held individually in a respirometer for a month. The fish were fed one of four diets or starved. Diets varying in the proportions of protein, lipid and carbohydrate were described as high protein (HP), high carbohydrate (HC) or high lipid (HL). A fourth diet (LM) was made from dried duckweed, Lemna spp., to provide a more natural diet. Fish were fed and faeces collected daily and oxygen consumption was measured continuously over the month that each experiment lasted. Excretion of ammonia and urea was measured on several days. The total energy lost via nitrogenous waste was calculated using an average daily ammonia quotient (AQ).For growing fish between SO and 61 YO of consumed energy was lost via respiration. Energetic losses via nitrogenous wastes were highest on the HP diet (4.7%) and lowest on the HC diet (3.1%). FaecallosswashighestontheHLdiet(19~4%)andloweston theHPdiet(l0.2%). Overa month of starvation, 32.5% ofenergy requirement was met by the respiration ofprotein and 3.2% of the total energy lost was via nitrogenous waste. Fish fed zero or sub-maintenance rations tended to respire lipid in preference to protein whereas fish fed super-maintenance rations accumulated lipid. Protein retention was proportionally highest on HP (48% of total energy retained as growth) and lowest on HC (32%) and HL (30%). This reflected the accumulation of lipid on both the high carbohydrate and high lipid diets. The partitioning of metabolizable energy (ME) was investigated and 0.45 (HL), 0.59 (HP) and 0-67 (HC) kJ ME.kJ-' retained were lost via respiration.

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“…Digestive assimilation efficiency is the ratio of energy assimilated to energy ingested (Flowerdew and Grove ), which indicates how much energy of the consumed food can be utilized. To determine DE of adults, we followed Kotrschal et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rest of the sample (12 mg [range: 2–28 mg]) was used to determine energy content; we determined energy content (J/g) from food and feces by bomb calorimetry using an adiabatic calorimeter (IKA 4000, Janke & Kunkel, Staufen, Germany) with a microbomb insert. Following Flowerdew and Grove (), DE was calculated as:

Efficency (%) = 100 \times (\frac{normalC r_{2} O_{3} / Energ y_{food}}{normalC r_{2} O_{3} / Energ y_{faeces}}) .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of brain size evolution on feeding propensity, digestive efficiency, and juvenile growth

et al. 2015

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One key hypothesis in the study of brain size evolution is the expensive tissue hypothesis; the idea that increased investment into the brain should be compensated by decreased investment into other costly organs, for instance the gut. Although the hypothesis is supported by both comparative and experimental evidence, little is known about the potential changes in energetic requirements or digestive traits following such evolutionary shifts in brain and gut size. Organisms may meet the greater metabolic requirements of larger brains despite smaller guts via increased food intake or better digestion. But increased investment in the brain may also hamper somatic growth. To test these hypotheses we here used guppy (Poecilia reticulata) brain size selection lines with a pronounced negative association between brain and gut size and investigated feeding propensity, digestive efficiency (DE), and juvenile growth rate. We did not find any difference in feeding propensity or DE between large‐ and small‐brained individuals. Instead, we found that large‐brained females had slower growth during the first 10 weeks after birth. Our study provides experimental support that investment into larger brains at the expense of gut tissue carries costs that are not necessarily compensated by a more efficient digestive system.

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An energy budget for juvenile thick‐lipped mullet, Crenimugil labrosus (Risso)

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

The relationship between specific dynamic action and growth in grass carp, Ctenophavyngodon idella (Val.)

The relationship between specific dynamic action and growth in grass carp, Ctenophavyngodon idella (Val.)

The bioenergetics of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.): energy allocation at different planes of nutrition

The effect of brain size evolution on feeding propensity, digestive efficiency, and juvenile growth

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