An Energy Efficient Cooperative Hierarchical MIMO Clustering Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In this work, we present an energy efficient hierarchical cooperative clustering scheme for wireless sensor networks. Communication cost is a crucial factor in depleting the energy of sensor nodes. In the proposed scheme, nodes cooperate to form clusters at each level of network hierarchy ensuring maximal coverage and minimal energy expenditure with relatively uniform distribution of load within the network. Performance is enhanced by cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication ensuring energy efficiency for WSN deployments over large geographical areas. We test our scheme using TOSSIM and compare the proposed scheme with cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (CMIMO) clustering scheme and traditional multihop Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) routing approach. Performance is evaluated on the basis of number of clusters, number of hops, energy consumption and network lifetime. Experimental results show significant energy conservation and increase in network lifetime as compared to existing schemes.

A New Energy-Efficient Data Transmission Scheme Based on DSC and Virtual MIMO for Wireless Sensor Network

“…if not unique then (8) randomly select a node from and compose a CG with ; (9) store this CG in the allocation table; (10) mark this node as traversal, and update ; (11) else if unique then (12) and compose a CG; (13) store this CG in the allocation table; (14) mark as traversal, and update ; (15) else if none then (16) end this cycle; (17) where is the given BER; and are the numbers of the sending node and the receiving node; 0 is the noise power density.…”

“…The experimental results showed that CMIMO could significantly reduce energy consumption and extend the network lifetime. Nasim et al proposed an energy-efficient hierarchical cooperative clustering scheme for wireless sensor networks [8]. According to this protocol, nodes cooperated to form clusters at each level of network hierarchy ensuring maximal coverage and minimal energy expenditure with relatively uniform distribution of load within the network.…”

A Virtual MIMO Communication Strategy Based on Cooperative Groups for Wireless Sensor Networks

“…(1) for all i∈H do /*i represents a source node; H represents all the source node without traversal*/ (2) mark i as traversal, and update H; (3) for all j ∈H do /*j represents a source node */ (4) calculate the distance d between i and j; (5) end for (6) select the node k whose d satisfies Condition 1 and Condition 2; /* Condition 1: d<d max ; Condition 2: max{d}。*/ (7) if k not unique then (8) randomly select a node from k and compose a CG with I; (9) store this CG in the allocation …”

“…The experimental results showed that CMIMO could significantly reduce energy consumption and longer the network lifetime. Nasim proposed an energy efficient hierarchical cooperative clustering scheme for wireless sensor networks [8]. According to this protocol, nodes cooperated to form clusters at each level of network hierarchy ensuring maximal coverage and minimal energy expenditure with relatively uniform distribution of load within the network.…”

An Energy-efficient Transmission Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network with DSC and virtual MIMO

“…Virtual MIMO allows wireless sensor network to obtain an effect similar to MIMO communication, and reduces the energy consumption of the entire network. Currently, researchers have made a lot of good virtual MIMO communication scheme, such as CMIMO [2], HV-MIMO [3], CCP [4], MIMO-CCRN [5] and the like. These virtual MIMO communication scheme solve the problem of energy consumption in WSN communication, but they do not solve low energy efficiency situation in the large-scale high-density WSN.…”