An energy‐reduced dietary pattern, including moderate protein and increased nonfat dairy intake combined with walking promotes beneficial body composition and metabolic changes in women with excess adiposity: a randomized comparative trial

Abstract

Moderate protein and nonfat dairy intake within an energy-reduced diet (ERD) may contribute to health benefits achieved with body weight (BW) loss. The current study examined the effectiveness of a weight-loss/weight-loss maintenance intervention using an ERD with moderate dietary protein (30% of kcals) and increased nonfat dairy intake (4–5 svg/d), including yogurt (INT group) and daily walking compared to an ERD with standard protein (16–17% of kcals) and standard nonfat dairy intake (3 svg/d) (COM group) with daily walking. A randomized comparative trial with 104 healthy premenopausal women with overweight/obesity was conducted in a university setting. Women were randomized to INT group or COM group. Anthropometric measurements, as well as dietary intake, selected vital signs, resting energy expenditure, blood lipids, glucose, insulin, and selected adipose-derived hormones were measured at baseline, and weeks 2, 12, and 24. Targets for dietary protein and nonfat dairy intake, while initially achieved, were not sustained in the INT group. There were no significant effects of diet group on anthropometric measurements. Women in the INT group and COM group, respectively, reduced BW (−4.9 ± 3.2 and −4.3 ± 3.3 kg, P < 0.001) and fat mass (−3.0 ± 2.2 and −2.3 ± 2.3 kg, P < 0.001) during the 12-week weight-loss phase and maintained these losses at 24 weeks. Both groups experienced significant decreases in body mass index, fat-free soft tissue mass, body fat percentage, waist and hip circumferences and serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and leptin (all P < 0.001). Healthy premenopausal women with excess adiposity effectively lost BW and fat mass and improved some metabolic risk factors following an ERD with approximately 20% protein and 3 svg/d of nonfat dairy intake.

Breastfeeding duration is associated with offspring’s adherence to prudent dietary pattern in adulthood: results from the Nutritionist’s Health Study

“…Only women were included in our analyses due to the scarcity of men in the NutriHS. 23 Daily energy intake >5,000 kcal/day (percentile 97 of energy intake distribution) or <500 kcal/day, 24 or missing information for more than 10 items in the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were exclusion criteria. Therefore, 587 women composed the final sample ( Fig.…”

Increased Dairy Product Intake Modifies Plasma Glucose Concentrations and Glycated Hemoglobin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Twenty-three studies were from North America (34,38,39,42,44,45,49 (31,32,36,58,66), and 4 from Asia (41,51,53,56). The exposure lengths varied from 1 to 48 wk and subjects from 10 studies were exposed to dairy products for ≥24 wk (35,45,54,57,59,64,65,(69)(70)(71)(72). Main cointerventions were probiotics (36,46,52,56,67) and energy restriction programs (35, 37, 39, 43, 45, 49, 50, 55, 58-60, 65, 66, 68, 70-73).…”

Determnación del índice glucémico y la carga glucémica de productos lácteos fermentados en sujetos adultos sanos, sedentarios y deportistas

“…Se han informado diferencias importantes en el valor del IG de los alimentos en función del tipo de azúcares, gomas, fibras o almidones que contienen (14,23,24); en el caso de las proteínas se ha comprobado que las proteínas lácteas tienen un efecto positivo en el control de peso, mejoran la sensibilidad de la insulina, el control glucémico y la dislipidemia, comportamiento que se relacionó con su significativo menor IG (25,26). Lo anterior sugiere que el Soful podría contener sólidos de leche o caseinatos, los cuales pueden modificar la relación de proteínas provenientes de la leche en el producto final y modificar su IG, situación que requiere estudiarse con más detalle.…”