An Engineering Scale Study on Radiation Grafting of Polymeric Adsorbents for Recovery of Heavy Metal Ions From Seawater

Prasad, T. Lakshmi; Saxena, Amit; Tewari, P.K.; Sathiyamoorthy, D.

doi:10.5516/net.2009.41.8.1101

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Based on published reaction conditions for similar systems, a variety of reaction parameters were studied including grafting temperature (between 20 °C and 60 °C), grafting time, irradiation temperature, solvent mixtures, and additives (e.g., H 2 SO 4 ). ,− Our investigation began by grafting the TBR polymer fibers in a grafting solution composed of 50% DMSO and 50% comonomer solution (70/30 AN/MAA) at 20, 40, and 60 °C; however, an adsorbent capacity of uranium greater than 7 g U /kg ads could not be obtained versus 25 g U /kg ads of uranium from a sample donated by the JAEA of their nonwoven adsorbent, as shown in Figure S2a in the Supporting Information. Besides following the reported literature conditions, we attempted to use a reflux condenser in a shaker table, as well as longer degassing times, with the hopes of improving the grafting yield.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Development, and Testing of High-Surface-Area Polymer-Based Adsorbents for the Selective Recovery of Uranium from Seawater

Oyola

Janke

Dai

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The ocean contains uranium with an approximate concentration of 3.34 ppb, which can serve as an incredible supply source to sustain nuclear energy in the United States. Unfortunately, technology currently available to recover uranium from seawater is not efficient enough and mining uranium on land is still more economical. We have developed polymer-based adsorbents with high uranium adsorption capacities by grafting amidoxime onto high-surface-area polyethylene (PE) fibers. Various process conditions have been screened, in combination with developing a rapid testing protocol (<24 h), to optimize the process. These adsorbents are synthesized through radiation-induced grafting of acrylonitrile (AN) and methacrylic acid (MAA) onto PE fibers, followed by the conversion of nitriles to amidoximes and basic conditioning. In addition, the uranium adsorption capacity, measured in units of g U /kg ads , is greatly increased by reducing the diameter of the PE fiber or changing its morphology. An increase in the surface area of the PE polymer fiber allows for more grafting sites that are positioned in more-accessible locations, thereby increasing access to grafted molecules that would normally be located in the interior of a fiber with a larger diameter. Polymer fibers with hollow morphologies are able to adsorb beyond 1 order of magnitude more uranium from simulated seawater than current commercially available adsorbents. Several high-surface-area fibers were tested in natural seawater and were able to extract 5−7 times more uranium than any adsorbent reported to date.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Development, and Testing of High-Surface-Area Polymer-Based Adsorbents for the Selective Recovery of Uranium from Seawater

Oyola

Janke

Dai

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Using this method, the creation of active sites to initiate grafting within a polymer substrate under moderate reaction conditions is a simple process. Radiation grafting is both an economically and environmentally clean technique [6,7] and has the advantage that the grafted chains that contain the functional group can be added with or without gross changes in the trunk polymer. Moreover, the distribution of these functional groups is easily controlled through adjustment of the reaction conditions, including the monomer concentration, the inhibitor type and concentration, the solvent, the irradiation dose and the dose rate [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of membranes based on high-density polyethylene graft copolymers for phosphate anion removal

Senna

Abdel-Moneam

Gamal

et al. 2013

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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“…Amidoxime group is very well known for its capability to extract various heavy and toxic metals from aqueous waste solutions . Amidoximated PAN grafted on to polypropelene fabric is one of the most commonly reported sorbent used for the recovery of uranium from sea water . In a relatively older literature, Egawa et al have shown that porous cross linked chelating resins containing amidoxime functional group are very efficient for the recovery of uranium from seawater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and study of optimization of amidoximated PAN‐DVB‐EGDMA beads for the sorption of uranium from aqueous media

Kanjilal

Singh

Bairwa

et al. 2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Environmental and economic considerations have made the sorption of uranium from aqueous media a very time demanding area of research from last few decades. In this particular work, amidoximated polyacrylonitrile beads were synthesized by the reaction of hydroxyl amine hydrochloride (OH‐NH2.HCl) with macroporous crosslinked polyacrylonitrile beads, prepared through suspension polymerization techniques, using acrylonitrile (AN) as monomer and divinylbenzene and ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as crosslinkers, in a variety of relative compositions, to modify suitably the hydrophilicity and physicochemical stability. These beads were also characterized by FT‐IR, scanning electron microscope, and thermogravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetry techniques to explain the morphology and chemical functionality. The beads reached its saturation capacity towards uranyl ions well within 1 h of equilibration at ~25°C, under near neutral pH conditions and the observed maximum sorption capacity was found to be ~18 mg g−1. The beads were also used for the sorption of uranium from various real water samples and showed good sorption from these samples. Reusability of the beads was also established up to the studied four cycles. These synthesized beads can potentially serve the dual purpose of the decontamination of uranium contaminated potable well water as well as to treat acidic radioactive waste generated in nuclear industry before final discharge to environment. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:863–872, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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An Engineering Scale Study on Radiation Grafting of Polymeric Adsorbents for Recovery of Heavy Metal Ions From Seawater

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

Synthesis, Development, and Testing of High-Surface-Area Polymer-Based Adsorbents for the Selective Recovery of Uranium from Seawater

Synthesis, Development, and Testing of High-Surface-Area Polymer-Based Adsorbents for the Selective Recovery of Uranium from Seawater

Preparation of membranes based on high-density polyethylene graft copolymers for phosphate anion removal

Synthesis and study of optimization of amidoximated PAN‐DVB‐EGDMA beads for the sorption of uranium from aqueous media

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