An enigmatic marine reptile, <i>Hispaniasaurus cranioelongatus</i> (gen. et sp. nov.) with nothosauroid affinities from the Ladinian of the Iberian Range (Spain)

Márquez-Aliaga, Ana; Klein, Nicole; Reolid, Matías; Plasencia, Pablo; Villena, José; Martínez‐Pérez, Carlos

doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1359264

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It might be much less distinctly exhibited, with a reduced replacement crypt and little separation between this crypt and the main alveolus (type B crypts sensu Shang, 2007), in some taxa (e.g. pachypleurosaurs, the putative nothosauroid Hispaniasaurus cranioelongatus , Cymatosaurus multidentatus ; Rieppel, 1995b; Rieppel, 2001; Marquez-Aliaga et al, 2019) or parts of the jaws of other taxa ( Nothosaurus sp., Shang, 2007). Among known sauropterygians, the general morphology of the dentary and maxilla as well as the tooth morphology is most similar (although not identical) to Cymatosaurus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enigmatic lower jaw from the Lower Muschelkalk (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Winterswijk provides insights into dental configuration, tooth replacement and histology

Spiekman

Klein

2021

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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In the aftermath of the Permo-Triassic mass extinction event, several reptile lineages radiated to form major components of marine faunas during the entire Mesozoic. The Lower Muschelkalk, which was deposited within a shallow inland sea in the Germanic Basin during the Middle Triassic, is one of the most important regions for understanding the early evolution of Mesozoic marine reptiles. Here, we present a new specimen from the Lower Muschelkalk of Winterswijk in the Netherlands, comprising an isolated left dentary that is morphologically distinct from any well-known Triassic vertebrate. We provide a detailed description of the jaw and the teeth using histological and micro-computed tomographic analyses. The anterior teeth are fang-like and curved, whereas the posterior teeth are wider and triangular-shaped. Tooth implantation is thecodont and teeth are ankylosed to the base of the alveolus. Replacement teeth are developed directly lingual to the functional teeth, starting with the formation of a resorption cavity on the dorsal surface of the alveolar margin. The replacement pattern cannot be observed in detail but is regular in the posterior part of the dentary with each tooth being alternated with an empty alveolus. The specimen can likely be assigned to Eosauropterygia based on its jaw morphology and dental morphology and replacement pattern, and it is remarkably similar to maxillae referred to the enigmatic Lamprosauroides goepperti from the Lower Muschelkalk of Poland. The dentary from Winterswijk lacks enlarged, ‘alveolarised’ crypts and corresponding distinct dental lamina foramina (DLFs) for the replacement teeth, a configuration that is typical of Sauropterygia, but which was likely not omnipresent in this clade. The specimen also exhibits loosely folded plicidentine at the roots of the teeth, likely representing the first identification of this feature in Sauropterygia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enigmatic lower jaw from the Lower Muschelkalk (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Winterswijk provides insights into dental configuration, tooth replacement and histology

Spiekman

Klein

2021

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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“…The record of marine reptiles in Triassic marine sediments of Europe is diverse and abundant in the Germanic Basin as well as in the Alpine Triassic (Rieppel, 2000;Motani, 2009;Diedrich, 2012). Along the Iberian palaeomargin, with Germanic facies, the record of marine reptiles is relatively rich but most of the reported remains consist of isolated elements, commonly reworked (see Sanz, 1976Sanz, , 1983aAlafont, 1992;Fortuny et al, 2011;Miguel Chaves et al, 2015Márquez-Aliaga et al, 2019). The marine reptile fauna of northeastern Iberia includes diverse Sauropterygia with the nothosaur Lariosaurus balsami being the most common (Sanz et al, 1993;Rieppel & Hagdorn, 1998).…”

Section: Sauropterygians In the Alpine Domain Of Se Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), represented by the Muschelkalk facies, there are bivalves and brachiopod assemblages (Escudero-Mozo et al, 2015), but also marine reptiles remains (e.g. Niemeyer, 2002;Márquez-Aliaga et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The record of marine reptiles is relatively rich along the Iberian Palaeomargin, with Germanic facies (outcropping today in the Iberian Range and the Betic External Zones; Fig 1), but most of the reported remains consist of isolated elements (e.g. Sanz, 1976Sanz, , 1983aAlafont, 1992;Sanz et al, 1993;Niemeyer, 2002;Quesada & Aguera González, 2005;Fortuny et al, 2011;Reolid et al, 2014a;Miguel Chaves et al, 2015Márquez-Aliaga et al, 2019). Considering the presence of marine reptile remains in shallow deposits from Germanic facies as well as the record of sauropterygians in the Alpine facies from other domains, it results interesting that there were not fossils reported from the Alpujarride Complex, the carbonate platform developed in the northern margin of the Mesomediterranean Massif (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primer registro de reptiles marinos triásicos (notosaurios, sauropterigios) del Complejo Alpujárride (Zonas Internas de la Cordillera Bética, España)

Reolid

2020

Estud. geol.

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Este trabajo documenta el primer registro de vertebrados fósiles, concretamente de un reptil marino (sauropterygia), en las Zonas Internas de la Cordillera Bética. El desarrollo de plataformas epicontinentales en el Tetis durante la fragmentación de Pangea a partir del Triásico Inferior tardío favoreció la radiación de los sauropterigios, grupo de reptiles diápsidos marinos que incluye a los clados Placodontiformes, Pachypleurosauria, Nothosauroidea y Pistosauroidea. Los materiales triásicos del Complejo Alpujárride de las Zonas Internas de la Cordillera Bética, SE de España, incluyen los depósitos carbonatados correspondientes a las plataformas epicontinentales desarrolladas durante el Triásico medio-superior en el margen norte del Macizo Messomediterraneo. El intervalo estratigráfico seleccionado se encuentra en la Sierra de Lújar (Granada) y es una sucesión de 17,5 m de potencia con una alternancia de margas y calizas fosilíferas con abundante bioturbación y restos de macroinvertebrados. Se han identificado ciclos loferíticos con laminación a la base que cambia a un sedimento intensamente bioturbado con abundantes bivalvos hacia el techo del ciclo. El intervalo de estudio representa facies someras en un ambiente inter- o submareal como indican los ciclos loferíticos y la presencia de brechas carbonatadas en el techo de la secuencia, presumiblemente relacionadas con tormentas. Una costilla dorsal de 15 cm de longitud de un sauropterigio, probablemente un notosaurio, ha sido descubierta en esta serie en buen estado de conservación y sin evidencias de fragmentación, perforaciones o encostrantes. Este estudio muestra por primera vez la presencia de restos fósiles de reptiles marinos en el Complejo Alpujárride, reptiles que vivieron en aguas someras durante el Triásico al igual que se ha documentado en el Paleomargen Ibérico y en algunas cuencas triásicas de Europa central.

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“…Thus, remains of placodonts have been recovered in Europe (e.g. Rieppel 2000;Klein & Scheyer 2014;Neenan & Scheyer 2014;de Miguel Chaves et al 2018, 2020, the Middle East (Haas 1975;Rieppel et al 1999;Vickers-Rich et al 1999;Rieppel 2002a;Kear et al 2010) and China (Li 2000;Li & Rieppel 2002;Jiang et al 2008;Zhao et al 2008;Neenan et al 2015;Wang et al 2018Wang et al , 2019. The members of Placodontia show two morphotypes: unarmored placodonts or placodontoids, and armored placodonts or cyamodontoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Braincase and endocranium of the Placodont Parahenodus atancensis de Miguel Chaves, Ortega & Pérez-García, 2018, a representative of the highly specialized clade Henodontidae

Chaves¹,

Serrano²,

Ortega³

et al. 2020

Comptes Rendus Palevol

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Parahenodus atancensis de Miguel Chaves, Ortega & Pérez-García, 2018 is a recently described bizarre cyamodontoid placodont, based on a partial but well-preserved Spanish Upper Triassic skull. It was identified as the sister taxon of the German highly specialized Henodus chelyops Huene, 1936. The use of micro-computed tomography has been able to significantly increase knowledge of the cranial anatomy of Parahenodus atancensis by the characterization of several bones and structures previously unknown for this taxon, as well as to obtain a partial reconstruction of its brain endocast and associated endocranial structures, poorly known in most Triassic sauropterygians. In addition, we identify several synapomorphies of the braincase of Cyamodontoidea so far unknown in Henodontidae, improving knowledge about this clade. The study of the endocranium and neurosensory structures of Parahenodus atancensis suggests a relatively lower reliance on vision, the pineal system and the pituitary than in other Triassic sauropterygians.

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An enigmatic marine reptile, Hispaniasaurus cranioelongatus (gen. et sp. nov.) with nothosauroid affinities from the Ladinian of the Iberian Range (Spain)

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

An enigmatic lower jaw from the Lower Muschelkalk (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Winterswijk provides insights into dental configuration, tooth replacement and histology

An enigmatic lower jaw from the Lower Muschelkalk (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Winterswijk provides insights into dental configuration, tooth replacement and histology

Primer registro de reptiles marinos triásicos (notosaurios, sauropterigios) del Complejo Alpujárride (Zonas Internas de la Cordillera Bética, España)

Braincase and endocranium of the Placodont Parahenodus atancensis de Miguel Chaves, Ortega & Pérez-García, 2018, a representative of the highly specialized clade Henodontidae

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