An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Antibodies against Escherichia coli: Association between Indirect Hemagglutination Test and Survival

Abstract

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was modified for detection of antibodies against the two main pathogenic serotypes of Escherichia coli: serotypes O78:K80 and O2:K1. The ELISA was a more sensitive and repeatable test than the indirect hemagglutination test (IHT), which is a common method for detecting antibodies against E. coli. Cross-reactivity between the two strains was measured by reacting antisera of each serotype against homologous and heterologous antigens. The results suggest that aside from similar determinants expressed by the two serotypes, serotype O2:K1 expresses more strain-specific determinants than does O78:K80. Comparison of mean antibody titers of immunized chicks by IHT and ELISA along the primary response revealed that during the first 15 days after immunization with inactivated E. coli, the titers in both tests were parallel. After 15 days post-immunization, antibody titers measured by IHT decreased rapidly, whereas titers measured by ELISA decreased only slightly. In addition, a higher correlation was found between titers detected by ELISA and survival through challenge with E. coli than between titers detected with IHT and survival through challenge. The results suggest that the ELISA is a better test for detection of antibody in flocks suspected of being infected with E. coli.

Immune function across generations: integrating mechanism and evolutionary process in maternal antibody transmission

“…Documented effects of maternal antibodies on offspring survival, immune response and growth across taxa. taxa/species effect of maternal antibodies source bird survival chicken, pigeon offspring survival after disease challenge Kissling et al (1954), Reeves et al (1954), , Leitner et al (1990), Goddard et al (1994) Gustafsson et al (1994) detection of antibody in the egg yolk was shortened, the antibody level in the 18 day embryo was elevated, peak maternal antibody levels persisted longer in progeny, and the rate of decline of the offspring antibody response was slower in comparison with lines selected for decreased antibody responsiveness (Boa-Amponsem et al 1997). Selection line differences in levels of maternally derived antibodies and the rate of decay of maternal antibodies after challenge with infectious bursal disease virus have also been documented in chickens (Bumstead et al 1993).…”

“…Therefore, we would expect that elevated maternal antibody transmission would necessitate reproductive trade-offs for females (Heeb et al 1998 (a) Environmental determinants of variation in maternal antibody transmission The diversity and quantity of specific antibodies transmitted to offspring have been shown to reflect differences in the local disease environment experienced by females prior to antibody transmission (Lemke & Lange 1999;Lundin et al 1999;Gasparini et al 2001). Females not exposed to particular pathogens prior to transmission will not transfer antibodies to those pathogens, leaving their offspring susceptible to infection Leitner et al 1990). In several avian species (i.e.…”

“…The amount and types of maternal antibodies transmitted may partially determine the survival probability of offspring Leitner et al 1990). For example, when chicks are exposed to Escherichia coli or infectious bursal disease virus soon after hatching, the percentage of progeny surviving is positively correlated with the hen's antibody titre Goddard et al 1994).…”

Vaccination of turkey poults against pathogenicEscherichia coli

“…Antibody response in nonvaccinated and vaccinated turkeys was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), according to the method of Leitner et al (1990). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-turkey IgG (H + L) was used as the second antibody (Kirkegaard and Perry Laboratories, Gaithersburg, MD, USA).…”

Chaperonin GroEL: A novel phylogenetically conserved protein with strong immunoreactivity of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from duck identified by immunoproteomics

“…Healthy seven-day-old ducks, tested negative for antibodies to DE205B or recombinant proteins by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were used in this study [27,28]. All the animals were allowed free access to sterile water and animal feed and handled according to the guidelines of the Laboratory Animal Monitoring Committee of Jiangsu Province.…”