An Epidemiologic Examination of Perpetrators of Fatal Child Maltreatment Using the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS)

Hunter, Amy A.; DiVietro, Susan; Schwab‐Reese, Laura; Riffon, Mark

doi:10.1177/0886260519851787

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The study sample included paediatric firearm homicide decedents aged 0–17 years from 17 states from 2014 to 2018 (Alaska, Colorado, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, and Wisconsin). Prior studies demonstrate that these 17 states represent the demographic and mortality statistics of the US 7 8…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of factors contributing to the racial disparity and disproportionality of paediatric firearm-related homicide: a mixed-methods analysis using the national violent death reporting system (NVDRS)

et al. 2023

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Firearms are a leading cause of paediatric mortality in the United States. This study examines the contributing factors of racial disparity and disproportionality among paediatric firearm decedents aged 0–17 years.We used the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) to assess the individual and incident-level circumstances of paediatric firearm homicides from 2014 to 2018 in 17 US states.Among 1085 paediatric firearm homicides, non-Hispanic blacks (NHB) died at a rate three times greater than their proportion in the general population; they were nine times as likely to die by firearm homicide as non-Hispanic whites (NHW). NHW children were more often the victims of firearm homicide perpetrated by a parent/caregiver, and of homicide-suicides.Violence interruption programmes among NHB youth, and family-based interventions among NHW youth may be effective in preventing firearm homicide and homicide-suicide. Systematic investigations into firearm homicide perpetrators are necessary to better understand observed racial disparities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of factors contributing to the racial disparity and disproportionality of paediatric firearm-related homicide: a mixed-methods analysis using the national violent death reporting system (NVDRS)

et al. 2023

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“…For example, poverty, previous history of violence, substance use, and incarceration are all risk factors for child abuse, but these variables are difficult to define using NVDRS. 6 While all cases of fatal child abuse within the database were included, the sample size is somewhat small, contributing to lower power and the possibility of type II error. Despite these caveats, this analysis identifies key risk factors for fatal child abuse and may be useful in directing multidisciplinary interventions involving physicians, social workers, and educators to prevent and reduce child abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 More recent findings based on larger databases suggest that the majority of perpetrators of fatal child abuse were actually male. 6 In addition, shorter relationships between caregivers and children, such as those between nonbiological parents and their children, were associated with increased risk of child abuse. 5 Theories about the increased incidence of child abuse among surrogate parents focus on differences in bonding and moral responsibility between biological and surrogate parents and their children.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Early studies report perpetrators of fatal child abuse are most often parents, female, younger than 20 years, unmarried, have fewer than 12 years of education, have had late initiation of prenatal care, and have previously given birth 2 . More recent findings based on larger databases suggest that the majority of perpetrators of fatal child abuse were actually male 6 . In addition, shorter relationships between caregivers and children, such as those between nonbiological parents and their children, were associated with increased risk of child abuse 5 .…”

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Comparing fatal child abuse involving biological and surrogate parents

Presser

Quiroz

Pérez

et al. 2021

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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BACKGROUND:Nearly half of pediatric homicides younger than 5 years are attributable to child abuse. Parents are most commonly the perpetrators, but less is known about incidents involving biological versus surrogate parents. We sought to evaluate the characteristics of fatal child abuse involving biological and surrogate parents using the Georgia National Violent Death Reporting System, which we believe may differ in demographics and incident characteristics. METHODS:This database was used to examine all homicides of children younger than 18 years from 2011 to 2017. Demographics and incident characteristics were analyzed using the existing National Violent Death Reporting System variables and incident narratives. Nonparametric and χ 2 tests were used to compare fatal child abuse incidents involving biological and surrogate parents (e.g., adoptive, foster, step-parents, intimate partners of biological parent). RESULTS:There were 452 pediatric homicides and 219 cases of fatal child abuse. Of all cases of fatal child abuse, 60% involved biological and 29% involved surrogate parents. Compared with children killed by biological parents, children killed by surrogate parents were older (4 vs. 3 years), more often male (71% vs. 51%), more likely to survive the initial injury and present to the emergency department before death (96% vs. 69%), and less likely to have a medical comorbidity (2% vs. 11%; all p < 0.05). Surrogate parents were more likely to be male (90% vs. 48%) and use a firearm (20% vs. 13%) to inflict the injury, both p < 0.05. The race/ethnicity of the child was not associated with the parent's relationship. CONCLUSION:Child abuse accounts for half of all pediatric homicides. Parents are the most common perpetrators of fatal child abuse, but surrogate parent perpetrators are almost exclusively male and more likely to use firearms. Most children have a history of abuse, leaving an opportunity to intervene on potentially preventable deaths if abuse is identified in a timely fashion. (

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“…NVDRS collects and links data from death certificates, coroner/medical examiner records, and law enforcement reports. NVDRS has been used to conduct prevalence examinations of homicides (Bossarte et al, 2006; Logan et al, 2008), suicides (Peterson et al, 2018), and various other violent outcomes such as child maltreatment (Hunter et al, 2019) though never to examine general workplace homicides. Importantly, NVDRS also provides the number of nonfatal shootings associated with a given incident and contains a binary variable pertaining to whether or not a victim was working when killed (NVDRS, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Magnitude of Nonworker Deaths During Workplace Homicide Incidents: An Epidemiological Analysis Using the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS)

Doucette

Crifasi

2020

Workplace Health Saf

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Background Recent workplace homicide investigations have noted that the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) has several limitations that reduce our ability to understand who dies as part of a workplace homicide incident. We sought to assess the magnitude of nonworker deaths associated with workplace homicide incidents. Methods Using National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) data from 2003 to 2017, we employed a descriptive epidemiological investigation. The counts of worker and nonworker deaths during a workplace homicide incident were ascertained, as well as other characteristics (e.g., gender, age, mechanism of death, and race/ethnicity). We used multiple logistic regression to estimate the relationship between incident characteristics and the odds of having a nonworker death. Results Across the study period, there were 2,020 workplace homicides. The number of deaths associated with workplace homicide incidents increased 8.2% when considering nonworker deaths ( n = 2,186). Including those nonfatally shot as part of a workplace homicide incident increased causalities by 18.2% ( n = 2,388). If a firearm was used during perpetration, the odds that a nonworker was killed during a workplace homicide incident increased 3.76 times (95% confidence interval: 2.03, 6.96). Conclusion/Application to Practice Considering nonworkers killed as part of workplace homicide incidents is essential to understanding the true magnitude of violence associated with these incidents. Likely, it is the lethality of firearms that greatly increases the likelihood that nonworkers are killed as part a workplace homicide incident. To best understand the epidemiology of workplace homicide incident, we recommend CFOI adopt an incident-based method for coding workplace deaths.

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An Epidemiologic Examination of Perpetrators of Fatal Child Maltreatment Using the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS)

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

An examination of factors contributing to the racial disparity and disproportionality of paediatric firearm-related homicide: a mixed-methods analysis using the national violent death reporting system (NVDRS)

An examination of factors contributing to the racial disparity and disproportionality of paediatric firearm-related homicide: a mixed-methods analysis using the national violent death reporting system (NVDRS)

Comparing fatal child abuse involving biological and surrogate parents

Assessing the Magnitude of Nonworker Deaths During Workplace Homicide Incidents: An Epidemiological Analysis Using the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS)

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