An episode of acute selenium toxicity in a commercial piggery

Hill, J O; Allison, F. E.; Halpin, C. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb07307.x

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Andrews et al (1968) (Underwood 1983). Na tentativa de tratar e/ou de prevenir a DMB e outras doenças seleno-responsivas, produziram-se IA em animais de diversos países (Morrow 1968, Gabbedy & Dickson 1969, Lambourne & Mason 1969, Shortridge et al 1971, Harrison et al 1983, Hill et al 1985, Sanford 1990, Penrith & Robinson 1996. Um novo quadro clínico-patoló-gico, a Poliomielomalácia Simétrica Focal em Suínos (PMMSFS) foi primeiramente relacionada à intoxicação pelo Se por Wilson et al (1982).…”

Section: Resul II Resul Ii Resul Ii Resul Ii Results T T T Tadunclassified

“…Alguns autores acreditam que a degeneração hialina e a necrose fibrinóide das arteríolas sejam a base do edema, de hemorragias e dos processos degenerativos que ocorrem nos órgãos (Herigstad et al 1973, Jones et al 1997. Hill et al (1985) descrevem que a degeneração e necrose de células endoteliais causam extensivo edema intersticial, hepatite aguda e "incompetência pulmonar". Mais recentemente, Penrith & Robinson (1996) sugerem papel importante do edema resultante de lesões vasculares no desenvolvimento da PMMSFS.…”

Section: Resul II Resul Ii Resul Ii Resul Ii Results T T T Tadunclassified

“…Os sintomas respiratórios ocorreram nos animais que desenvolveram a forma superaguda (dose 1,49mg/kg), já os animais que apresentaram a forma aguda (0,99mg/kg) tiveram sintomas associados aos sistemas cardiovascular e nervoso (Néspoli et al 2001). Nas descrições do que seria a forma aguda espontânea espontânea espontânea espontânea espontânea de intoxicação por Se em suínos suínos suínos suínos suínos, encontramos sinais clínicos de anorexia, apatia, dispnéia, paresia, paralisia generalizada (Hill et al 1985, Hornstein et al 1998, ataxia dos posteriores, andar sobre as pontas dos cascos, dificuldade em se levantar, decúbito esternal, tremores, decúbito lateral em casos extremos, (Radostits et al 1994) e vômitos esporádicos em alguns casos (Hill et al 1985). Sivertsen et al(2003) descreveram IA por Se em leitões em fase de amamentação.…”

Section: Resul II Resul Ii Resul Ii Resul Ii Results T T T Tadunclassified

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Enfermidades associadas à intoxicação por selênio em animais

et al. 2007

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Section: Resul II Resul Ii Resul Ii Resul Ii Results T T T Tadunclassified

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Enfermidades associadas à intoxicação por selênio em animais

et al. 2007

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“…13,15,25,30,[34][35][36] The selenium concentrations of the contaminated feed samples recovered in San Luis Obispo County were highly variable (22.1-531 ppm) as was the length of time pigs consumed the feed (5-26 days). Most affected pigs were of similar weight, sex, and age, but housing, water source, and management differed in the 24 case herds that were followed prospectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 Experimental trials describing both the clinical effects and the tissue concentrations of selenium in ex- Received for publication May 19, 1997. perimentally intoxicated swine are well documented. 1,2,[9][10][11][12]14,17,21,23,28,37 Accidental selenium toxicosis in swine has also been widely reported, 13,15,25,30,[34][35][36] but little information is available concerning elimination of selenium from blood and tissues in field outbreaks involving multiple premises and various feed selenium concentrations in affected pigs. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical, pathologic, and epidemiologic features of an outbreak of selenium toxicosis in 24 swine herds and to monitor selenium elimination from blood and tissues of affected pigs to estimate an appropriate slaughter withdrawal time.…”

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Selenium Elimination in Pigs after an Outbreak of Selenium Toxicosis

et al. 1999

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Abstract. In May 1996, 150 grower pigs in 5 California counties were exposed to selenium-contaminated feed distributed by a single feed company. Feed samples from 20 herds had a mean selenium concentration of 121.7 ppm dry weight (range, 22.1-531 ppm). In San Luis Obispo County, 52 pigs in 24 herds were exposed to the feed, and 8 pigs died with signs of paralysis. Bilateral symmetrical poliomyelomalacia involving the ventral horns of the cervical and lumbar intumescence was evident on histologic examination of spinal cord from affected pigs. Of 44 surviving exposed pigs, 33 (75%) exhibited signs of selenosis, including anorexia, alopecia, and hoof lesions. Thirty-nine of 44 pigs (88.6%) had elevated (Ͼ1 ppm) blood selenium concentrations. Surviving exposed pigs were changed to a standard commercial ration containing approximately 0.5 ppm (dry weight) selenium. Blood selenium concentrations were determined weekly for 46 days following removal of the contaminated feed and were compared with values of 20 control pigs fed a standard commercial ration. Mean (ϮSD) blood selenium concentrations of exposed pigs were 3.2 Ϯ 2.6 ppm at the initial sampling and 0.4 Ϯ 0.1 ppm after 46 days. Mean blood selenium concentrations of Յ 0.3 ppm for control pigs at all samplings were significantly lower (P Ͻ 0.001) than concentrations for exposed pigs. Muscle and liver samples of 22 of the 44 exposed pigs were collected at slaughter approximately 72 days after withdrawal of the selenium-contaminated feed. Muscle samples had a mean selenium concentration of 0.36 ppm (wet weight). Liver samples had a mean selenium concentration of 1.26 ppm (wet weight). One liver sample had a selenium value in the toxic range for pigs (3.3 ppm wet weight; reference range, 0.4-1.2 ppm). A 1-compartment pharmacokinetic model of selenium elimination in exposed pigs was generated, and the geometric mean blood selenium elimination half-life was estimated to be 12 days. The 60-day withdrawal time recommended by the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database was considered sufficient to allow safe human consumption of tissues from exposed pigs.Selenium is an essential trace element for swine, necessary for cells to detoxify peroxides. 29 It is one of the most toxic trace elements 26,33 and has a narrow margin of safety. Toxicosis has been reported in swine after repeated ingestion of feed containing Ͼ5 ppm selenium (dry weight). 4,12,[24][25][26] Signs of selenium toxicosis in swine include anorexia, alopecia, separation of hoof and skin at the coronary band, degenerative changes in the liver and kidney, and poliomyelomalacia. 16,26,27,33 In 1974, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized the addition of a sodium salt of selenium to swine feed at a concentration of 0.1 ppm (dry weight) in the complete ration. 32 Current FDA regulations allow a maximum of 0.3 ppm (dry weight) in the complete ration as either inorganic sodium selenite or selenate. 7 Sodium selenite is the most commonly used selenium compound in domestic feed because of its lower cost, a...

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Selenium in health and disease I

Reilly

1996

Selenium in Food and Health

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An episode of acute selenium toxicity in a commercial piggery

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Enfermidades associadas à intoxicação por selênio em animais

Enfermidades associadas à intoxicação por selênio em animais

Selenium Elimination in Pigs after an Outbreak of Selenium Toxicosis

Selenium in health and disease I

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