“…Despite these recent advances, we still know very little about the roles of CNS fibroblasts in the development and maintenance of the healthy, adult CNS and how they contribute to disease aside from fibrotic scarring. While we focus mostly on rodent studies in this Review, perivascular fibroblasts have been detected in human tumour samples 5 and associated with the vasculature of the human brain 6 , 7 , confirming that these cells are indeed present in the human CNS. Furthermore, perivascular fibroblasts have been shown to be dysfunctional in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 8 .…”