“…This study employs a model [8] developed in recent studies of pursuit tracking with continuous-control sensors as a comparison [9] and in relation to pointing [10], extending earlier work [11] [12][13] [14] [15] In the present model, it is assumed that a performer attempting to express a signal as a continuous input of a sensor apparatus will generate a signal with some difference between these two, labeled , which may be attributed to neuromotor noise, interference, sensor noise or other causes of error (see Figure 1). The user's input signal is modeled to be attenuated by the constant factor , which represents the deterministic component of a user's performance.…”