An Estimation of the Manganese Requirement for Broilers from 1 to 21 Days of Age

Li, Sufen; Lin, Yu; Lü, Lin; X, Lin; Wang, Zhi‐yue; Hao, Shoufeng; Zhang, Jintao; Li, Kui; Luo, Xugang

doi:10.1007/s12011-010-8931-7

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Furthermore, birds fed supplemental Mn had lower MDA content in leg muscle and greater Mn-SOD activities and Mn-SOD mRNA level in breast or leg muscle than those fed the control diet [81]. Compared with control chickens fed on a diet without Mn supplementation, chickens fed Mn-supplemented diets had higher Mn concentrations, Mn-SOD mRNA levels, Mn-SOD protein concentrations, and Mn-SOD activities within heart tissue [82][83]. Therefore, dietary Mn can activate Mn-SOD gene expression at both the transcriptional and translational levels [82].…”

Section: Dietary Modulation Of Sod Mn and Cu In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

Surai¹

2016

J Anim Res Nutr

168

135

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Commercial poultry production is associated with various stresses responsible for decreasing productive and reproductive performance of growing chicks, breeders and commercial layers. A growing body of evidence shows that most of stresses in poultry production at the cellular level are associated with oxidative stress. Recently, a concept of the cellular antioxidant defense has been revised with special attention paid to cellular redox status maintenance and cell signaling. In fact, antioxidant systems of the living cell are based on three major levels of defense and superoxide dismutase (SOD) is shown to belong to the first level of the antioxidant defense network. Cellular antioxidant defenses are shown to include several options and vitagene activation in stress conditions is considered as a fundamental adaptive mechanism. The vitagene family includes various genes regulating synthesis of protective molecules including thioredoxins, sirtuins, heat shock proteins and SOD. However, by the time of writing no comprehensive review on the roles and effects of SOD in poultry biology has appeared. Therefore, the aim of this review is a critical analysis of the role of SOD in poultry biology with specific emphasis to its functions as an essential part of the vitagene network. From the analysis of the recent data related to SOD in poultry physiology and adaptation to stresses it is possible to conclude that: a) SOD as important vitagene is the main driving force in cell/body adaptation to various stress conditions. Indeed, in stress conditions additional synthesis of SOD is an adaptive mechanism to decrease ROS formation; b) If the stress is too high SOD activity is decreased and apoptosis is activated; c) there are tissue-specific differences in SOD expression which also depends on the strength of such stress-factors as heat, heavy metals, mycotoxins and other stressors; d) SOD is shown to provide an effective protection against lipid peroxidation in chicken embryonic tissues and semen; e) SOD is shown to be protective in heat and cold stress, toxicity stress as well as in other oxidative-stress related conditions in poultry production; f) there are complex interactions inside the antioxidant network of the cell/body to ensure an effective maintenance of homeostasis in stress conditions. Indeed, in many cases, nutritional antioxidants (vitamin E, selenium, carotenoids, phytochemicals, etc.) in the feed can increase SOD expression; g) nutritional means of SOD upregulation in stress conditions of poultry production and physiological and commercial consequences await further investigation; h) vitagene upregulation in stress conditions is emerging as an effective means for stress management.

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Section: Dietary Modulation Of Sod Mn and Cu In The Dietmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

Surai¹

2016

J Anim Res Nutr

168

135

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“…Gene expression analyses have provided a useful means to estimate the Se requirement of rats (Sachdev and Sunde, 2001), Zn requirements (Huang et al, 2007;Liao et al, 2013) and Mn requirement (Li et al, 2011) of broilers. In the present study, however, the mRNA expression levels of duodenal Na + -Pi IIb cotransporter, kidney Na + -Pi IIa cotransporter and bone marrow ALP were not suitable for evaluating dietary NPP requirements of broilers, because there was no clear plateau or quadratic change in these gene expression levels with increasing dietary NPP levels, although these indices were significantly affected by dietary NPP.…”

Section: Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When nutrient requirements of animals vary with different response parameters, the maximal requirement value should be chosen so as to meet all metabolic requirements of animals (Huang et al, 2007;Li et al, 2011;Liao et al, 2013). Therefore, in order to meet the P requirements of broilers for all P metabolisms, it is recommended that the 0.31% dietary NPP level would be optimal for broiler chickens fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age.…”

Section: Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimal dietary non-phytate phosphorus level of broilers fed a conventional corn–soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age

Jiang

Lü

et al. 2016

Animal

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It is imperative to evaluate precise nutrient requirements of animals in order to optimize productivity and minimize feed cost and nutrient excretions. The current non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) recommendation for broilers is based on the papers published 30 years ago. However, today's commercial birds are quite different from those before 30 years. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted with growing male broiler chickens to evaluate an optimal dietary NPP level of broiler chickens fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age. The 1-day-old chicks were fed corn-soybean meal diet containing 0.39% NPP from 1 to 3 weeks of age. At 22 days of age, 360 birds were selected and randomly allotted by BW to one of 10 dietary treatments with six replicate cages of six birds per cage for each treatment. Birds were fed the P-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with inorganic P as CaHPO 4 ·H 2 O ranging from 0.00% to 0.45% with 0.05% increment from 4 to 6 weeks of age. The dietary NPP levels were 0.09%, 0.14%, 0.20%, 0.24%, 0.30%, 0.34%, 0.38%, 0.45%, 0.49% and 0.54%, respectively, and the dietary Ca level was fixed at 0.90% for all treatments. The results showed that average daily gain, serum inorganic P concentration, tibia bone strength, tibia ash percentage and P percentage, tibia bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), middle toe ash percentage and P percentage, middle toe BMC, total body BMC and BMD were affected ( P < 0.0001) by dietary NPP level, and increased linearly ( P < 0.0001) and quadratically ( P < 0.003) as dietary NPP levels increased. Optimal dietary NPP levels estimated based on fitted broken-line models ( P < 0.0001) of the above indices are 0.21%, 0.29%, 0.29%, 0.29%, 0.29%, 0.31%, 0.29%, 0.30%, 0.27%, 0.29% and 0.28%, respectively. It is suggested that the total body BMC and BMD, and middle toe ash P and BMC might be new, sensitive and non-invasive criteria to evaluate the dietary NPP requirements of broilers. The optimal dietary NPP level would be 0.31% for broiler chickens fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age.

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“…Diets and fecal samples were analyzed for DM contents (procedure 4.1.06; AOAC, 2000), and diets were analyzed for Kjeldahl N (Thiex et al, 2002). Concentrations of Ca in inorganic P sources and diets were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (Model IRIS Intrepid II; Thermal Jarrell Ash, Waltham, MA) as described by Li et al (2011). Total P concentrations in inorganic P sources, diets, water, and fecal samples were determined using a spectrophotometer (procedure 3.4.11; AOAC, 2000; Model Cary 100, Varian Inc., Palo Alto, CA).…”

Section: Sample Collections and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of standardized phosphorus retention for inorganic phosphate sources in broilers1

Liu

Xie

Lü

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to estimate standardized P retention (SPR) values of dicalcium phosphate (DCP), monocalcium phosphate (MCP), and monopotassium phosphate (MKP) in broilers. In total, ninety-six 22-d-old male broilers with similar BW (780 g average) were used in each experiment. The chicks were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments (P-free, DCP, MCP, or MKP diets) with 6 replicate cages of 4 chicks each in a completely randomized design. After 3-d acclimation, chicks were fasted for 24 h and then fed P-free, DCP, MCP, or MKP diets for 4 h in Exp. 1 or 72 h in Exp. 2. Excreta samples were collected for a total of 28 or 52 h (24 or 48 h after feed withdrawal) in Exp. 1 and 96 or 120 h (24 or 48 h after feed withdrawal) in Exp. 2, respectively. The excreta collection time of 52 h in Exp. 1 or 96 h in Exp. 2 was adequate for the estimation of SPR. The estimated basal endogenous P losses (EPL) in chicks fed the P-free diet were 109 ± 4 mg/52 h per bird and 49.2 ± 4.0 mg/96 h per bird in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. The SPR values of inorganic phosphate sources corrected by the above basal EPL differed (P < 0.001) in Exp. 2 but not in Exp. 1. However, these SPR values were very similar between the 2 experiments with 68.7, 69.8, or 76.6% in Exp. 1 and 71.8, 70.6, or 78.3% in Exp. 2 for DCP, MCP, or MKP, respectively. The results from the current study indicated that, compared with the 72-h feeding and 96-h excreta collection procedure, the 4-h feeding and 52-h excreta collection procedure was a relatively quicker time- and labor-saving method for estimating the SPR values of inorganic P sources in broilers. The estimated SPR values of commonly used inorganic P sources (MCP and DCP) were about 70%.

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An Estimation of the Manganese Requirement for Broilers from 1 to 21 Days of Age

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

An optimal dietary non-phytate phosphorus level of broilers fed a conventional corn–soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age

Estimation of standardized phosphorus retention for inorganic phosphate sources in broilers1

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