With the progress of society, college students have a strong demand for new media technologies such as the internet, digitization and information resources, which has led to the formation of autonomous learning models in the internet environment. This article aimed to study the cultivation strategies of online autonomous learning ability for college students. Through the investigation of the online learning platform, the problems existing in the current situation and their influencing factors could be understood. Then the hypothesis was verified based on the theoretical model, constructing the model for practical application effectiveness testing. Finally, based on the data results, a preliminary summary was made that the participation rate of college students in online extracurricular expansion classes was not very high, basically maintaining between 73% and 78%. However, due to the rich and diverse online courses, most students were able to actively communicate and exchange with teachers. What they need to do was how to access the internet and use online platforms to acquire and internalize knowledge. This indicated that most students have mastered the ways to acquire knowledge on online platforms and had a high level of understanding of them.