An evaluation of an agroforestry system with 2-year-old sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and shade-tolerant upland rice

Abstract

Abstract. Tsaniya SH, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2022. An evaluation of an agroforestry system with 2-year-old sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and shade-tolerant upland rice. Biodiversitas 23: 1159-1166. Sengon is tree species that is often cultivated with upland rice in agroforestry systems. The main obstacle of rice development in agroforestry systems are competition between plants for sunlight and nutrients. 2-year-old sengon has a wider canopy and longer roots, increasing competition between sengon and rice. Planting upland rice in this condition requires strategies, such as selecting shade-tolerant rice varieties and rice plantations inside bamboo. This study aimed to evaluate the agroforestry system of sengon and shade-tolerant upland rice when the sengon plants were two years old and evaluate the effectiveness of using bamboo to reduce the competition between sengon and upland rice. This research was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Cikabayan Forest, IPB University, Bogor, West Java. This study one-factor completely randomized design to analyze the growth of sengon provenances and a three-factor completely randomized design with three replications to analyze the growth and yield of rice. The first factor was the cultivation system (Solomon F1 agroforestry, Solomon F2 agroforestry, local sengon agroforestry, and rice monoculture), the second factor was the planting method (using bamboo and without bamboo), and the third factor was rice varieties (Rindang 1 Agritan and Rindang 2 Agritan). The results showed that Solomon and local sengon in this study had a growth that was not significantly different and had low diversity. The results also showed that 2-year-old sengon spacing 3 m x 1.5 m caused great shade and high competition, leading to low rice yields.

Growth Response of Two Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr) Varieties Denna 1 And Rajabasa Subjected to Radiation Mutation Technique

“…Soybean plants are plants that require full sun to grow normally, but can still grow at a certain level of shade. The development of soybean plants as intercropping crops or intercrops is an alternative to increase soybean production [14]. Observations of soybean plants were carried out on the ability of viable soybean seeds to germinate.…”

Slow-release Fertilizer Application on Silk (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Plant Growth and Yield in Agroforestry System

“…Sengon seedlings aged seven months with a plant height of ±50 cm resulted in reduced light penetration to rice plants under sengon. In the agroforestry pattern of sengon and upland rice, there is competition for sunlight, nutrients, and water (Dewi et al 2017;Tsaniya et al 2022). In their research findings of Tsaniya et al (2022), it was observed that the height of upland rice plants was lower in agroforestry compared to monoculture rice.…”

“…In the agroforestry pattern of sengon and upland rice, there is competition for sunlight, nutrients, and water (Dewi et al 2017;Tsaniya et al 2022). In their research findings of Tsaniya et al (2022), it was observed that the height of upland rice plants was lower in agroforestry compared to monoculture rice. Upland rice planted at a smaller distance with sengon is hampered by its growth because the sengon canopy is large and dense, so sunlight does not reach the rice.…”

The Flexibility of Sengon Agroforestry in Small-Scale Forest Development in Indonesia

“…The types of agroforestry that are widely developed by the community are sengon with upland rice [18][19][20], sengon with chilies [21], sengon with beans [22,23], sengon with soybeans [24,25], sengon with bananas [26], sengon with cassava [27], sengon with patchouli and [28] sengon with citronella plants [29].…”