“…Mussels must be able (1) to attach to the boat hull (or other submerged parts such as an anchor, outboard motor or trailer), (2) to survive air exposure and prevent desiccation during overland transport and (3) establish a viable population either after detachment or release of spat during launching or sailing. The zebra and quagga mussel attach to a wide variety of materials (Ackerman et al, 1992(Ackerman et al, , 1995Marsden & Lansky, 2000;Kobak, 2004;Mueting et al, 2010), including commonly used materials for the construction of boat hulls such as aluminium and fibreglass (Marsden & Lansky, 2000;Mueting et al, 2010;De Ventura et al, 2016).…”