“…The IS recognizes the ISSM to be one of the most prominent models around. Further, its expediency has been quoted, verified, and established in several varied sectors including Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.723/fig- 1 the academic institutions (Wang, Solan & Ghods, 2010;Martin, Modi & Feldman, 2021;Donovan et al, 2018;Al-Shargabi & Sabri, 2015;Hamidi & Jahanshaheefard, 2019). Notably, this is the most popular model ever established that has been in use on a frequent basis for testing the gratification levels of users, owners, and customers.…”