An Evaluation of the Latent Tuberculosis Control Program in the United States Military at Accession

Mancuso, James D.

doi:10.21236/ad1013417

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Furthermore, it assures appropriate medical treatment and follow-ups with patients. Moreover, the data can be used to make comparisons between different regions and other countries [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of tuberculosis public health surveillance, Al-Madinah province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2012

Alkhalawi¹,

McNabb²,

Assiri³

et al. 2015

JEGH

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The objective of the study is to evaluate the quality of the data, the sensitivity of the surveillance, and the completeness of identification and investigation of tuberculosis (TB) patient's contacts. The study covered the TB surveillance program in Al-Madinah province in 2011. First, we reviewed all the notifications, treatment cards, and register books, as well as monthly and quarterly reports, for completeness and accuracy of data. Then, we searched for the missed cases that were not reported. Finally, we reviewed all the patients' household contacts' reports to assess the degree of completion of identification and investigation. There were 444 cases detected during the study period; only 200 cases were reported. The sensitivity of the TB surveillance system was 45%. Among the 200 reported cases, the results revealed high completeness rates for demographic and disease data and low completeness rates for the test result fields. The contact identification and investigation showed that 34.4% of smear-positive cases' contacts were not identified. Only 67% of identified contacts were investigated. The review of hospital records and lab registers showed that 244 cases were not reported. In conclusion, the TB surveillance system has several areas that need improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of tuberculosis public health surveillance, Al-Madinah province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2012

Alkhalawi¹,

McNabb²,

Assiri³

et al. 2015

JEGH

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“…There are several examples of CRS studies in the literature spanning a wide range of both communicable and non-communicable diseases (e.g. CRS of tuberculosis in several countries; Greece [ 79 , 91 ], Italy [ 92 , 93 ], the Netherlands [ 94 , 95 ], Romania [ 96 ], UK [ 97 - 99 ] and USA [ 17 , 100 , 101 ]). Despite the usefulness of this method, some cases attending healthcare are not captured in any single data source or are not correctly recorded and hence the new incidence of cases will still be affected by UR [ 89 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring underreporting and under-ascertainment in infectious disease datasets: a comparison of methods

et al. 2014

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BackgroundEfficient and reliable surveillance and notification systems are vital for monitoring public health and disease outbreaks. However, most surveillance and notification systems are affected by a degree of underestimation (UE) and therefore uncertainty surrounds the 'true’ incidence of disease affecting morbidity and mortality rates. Surveillance systems fail to capture cases at two distinct levels of the surveillance pyramid: from the community since not all cases seek healthcare (under-ascertainment), and at the healthcare-level, representing a failure to adequately report symptomatic cases that have sought medical advice (underreporting). There are several methods to estimate the extent of under-ascertainment and underreporting.MethodsWithin the context of the ECDC-funded Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe (BCoDE)-project, an extensive literature review was conducted to identify studies that estimate ascertainment or reporting rates for salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis in European Union Member States (MS) plus European Free Trade Area (EFTA) countries Iceland, Norway and Switzerland and four other OECD countries (USA, Canada, Australia and Japan). Multiplication factors (MFs), a measure of the magnitude of underestimation, were taken directly from the literature or derived (where the proportion of underestimated, under-ascertained, or underreported cases was known) and compared for the two pathogens.ResultsMFs varied between and within diseases and countries, representing a need to carefully select the most appropriate MFs and methods for calculating them. The most appropriate MFs are often disease-, country-, age-, and sex-specific.ConclusionsWhen routine data are used to make decisions on resource allocation or to estimate epidemiological parameters in populations, it becomes important to understand when, where and to what extent these data represent the true picture of disease, and in some instances (such as priority setting) it is necessary to adjust for underestimation. MFs can be used to adjust notification and surveillance data to provide more realistic estimates of incidence.

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“…The sample size of the included studies, which in most instances was the number of patients or samples, ranged from 35 in an evaluation of a system for reporting active Tuberculosis (TB) among US military service members [ 14 ] to a maximum of 251,693 records in an evaluation of TB surveillance in Brazilian micro-regions [ 15 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are potential sources of data collection and analysis bias. However, studies that included the use of the capture-recapture statistical method to measure the completeness of systems [ 14 , 42 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] all acknowledged the potential sources of bias that could result in the violation of any of the principles that underlie the capture-recapture method [ 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty studies used the first interpretation of the term in their assessment of surveillance systems [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. They used retrospective analysis of routinely collected data [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 49 , 54 ] and retrospective analysis of routinely collected data combined with capture-recapture statistical methods [ 29 , 50 , 52 , 53 ], with only one study [ 48 ] opting to collect collected data prospectively. The proportion of cases captured by the different surveillance systems was compared with a variety of alternative sources of data, or estimated using the capture-recapture method, and ranged from 45% of cases in a TB surveillance system in Saudi Arabia [ 20 ] to 99.9% for a salmonellosis surveillance system in Sweden [ 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quality and Utility of Information Captured by Surveillance Systems Relevant to Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Health surveillance systems are considered vital for combatting antimicrobial resistance (AMR); however, the evidence-base on the effectiveness of these systems in providing information that can be used by healthcare professionals, or the acceptability of these systems by users, has not been reviewed. A systematic review was conducted of a number of databases to synthesise the evidence. The review identified 43 studies that met the inclusion criteria, conducted in 18 countries and used 11 attributes in their assessment of surveillance systems. The majority of systems evaluated were for monitoring the incidence of tuberculosis. The studies found that most surveillance systems were underperforming in key attributes that relate to both effectiveness and acceptability. We identified that two features of systems (ease of use and users’ awareness of systems) were associated with greater acceptability and completeness of systems. We recommend prioritising these for the improvement of existing systems, as well as ensuring consistency in the definition of attributes studied, to allow a more consistent approach in evaluations of surveillance systems, and to facilitate the identification of the attributes that have the greatest impact on the utility of data produced.

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An Evaluation of the Latent Tuberculosis Control Program in the United States Military at Accession

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of tuberculosis public health surveillance, Al-Madinah province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2012

Evaluation of tuberculosis public health surveillance, Al-Madinah province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2012

Measuring underreporting and under-ascertainment in infectious disease datasets: a comparison of methods

Quality and Utility of Information Captured by Surveillance Systems Relevant to Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Systematic Review

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