An evaluation of the level of ambition and implications of the Bush Climate Change Initiative

Vuuren, Detlef van; Elzen, Michel den; Berk, M.; Moor, André de

doi:10.3763/cpol.2002.0235

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Intensity targets are believed to effectively limit economic growth losses from climate policy in contrast to quantity (Pizer, 2005). However, intensity targets are problematic, as they allow emissions to continue to increase (Vuuren et al, 2002), imposing no overall cap. In the case of China and India, which are responsible for over one third of global emissions, the choice of target could have a substantial impact on global decarbonization pathways (Zhu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Ndcs and Target Sequencing After Parismentioning

confidence: 99%

En route to China's mid-century climate goal: comparison of emissions intensity versus absolute targets

2020

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We compare the effectiveness of absolute vs. intensity targets in preparing China for progressive climate action under the Paris Agreement. The Agreement requires countries to submit nationally determined contributions (NDCs) every five years and in addition calls for submission long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies up to 2050. This study conducts a multi-criteria comparison of the adoption of an absolute vs. an intensity interim target in 2030, followed by an absolute target in 2050, for China. In doing so, we explicitly consider economic growth uncertainty as it is the main motivation behind China's and other developing countries' adoption of intensity targets for 2030. We perform the target comparison analytically, as well as using the stochastic version of a large-scale integrated assessment model. The stochastic model is based on expected utility theory and explicitly accounts for uncertainty. Key policy insights:• If China wants to hedge against higher than expected economic growth, it is reasonable to adopt an intensity target. However, in case of lower economic growth, this choice becomes problematic as policy costs will rise while the economy grows slow• The difference in costs due to the 2030 target choice can be of the same order of magnitude as the overall climate policy costs themselves • An interim absolute target performs better than an equivalent intensity target, under multiple criteria

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Section: Ndcs and Target Sequencing After Parismentioning

confidence: 99%

En route to China's mid-century climate goal: comparison of emissions intensity versus absolute targets

2020

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“…The world leaders have agreed to keep the temperature rise significantly below 2℃ and limit global warming to 1.5℃ above the pre-industrial levels [4]. As a signatory to this accord, Malaysia pledges to reduce GHG emissions by 45% by 2030 relative to 2005 [5]. This pledge is an arduous task requiring the strongest will from all the stakeholders involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherent Occupational Health Assessment for Alternative Hydrogen Synthesis Pathways

Abdulkareem

Hassim

Ahmad

2023

JEST

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Hydrogen is one of the most investigated topics in energy transition due to its sustainability and vast applicability. However, it has health and safety challenges like any other chemical process. Most attention focuses on this fuel production's technology and economic potential with some work related to its safety impact. This study conducts an occupational health hazard assessment on two hydrogen synthesis routes at the design research and development stage. This study compares the outcomes to find the healthiest Hydrogen production route. This research leveraged the Inherent Occupational Health Index (IOHI) as the assessment to measure the health challenges peculiar to each production route. Three different index calculation types additive, average, and worst case are used to achieve the comparison. The information used in the evaluation is available at the R&D design stage. The study shows that both synthesis routes assessed steam methane reforming and coal gasification fall under the hazardous category of the IOHI index standard. But steam methane reforming has a lower IOHI index standard value of 16 than coal gasification 17.7. Therefore, although both synthesis routes are hazardous and pose occupational health risks to workers, steam methane reforming is a better alternative for hydrogen production from a health perspective.

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Optimal intensity targets for greenhouse gas emissions trading under uncertainty

Jotzo

Pezzey

2007

Environ Resource Econ

105

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An evaluation of the level of ambition and implications of the Bush Climate Change Initiative

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

En route to China's mid-century climate goal: comparison of emissions intensity versus absolute targets

En route to China's mid-century climate goal: comparison of emissions intensity versus absolute targets

Inherent Occupational Health Assessment for Alternative Hydrogen Synthesis Pathways

Optimal intensity targets for greenhouse gas emissions trading under uncertainty

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