An Evaluation of the Possible Carcinogenicity of Bisphenol A to Humans

NTP‐CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A

“…Howe and Borodinsky (1998) Kawamura et al, 1999;Haighton et al, 2002;European Union, 2003). One study (Kawamura et al, 1999) showed higher concentrations of bisphenol A in simulants exposed to products that had been recalled because of unacceptable residual concentrations of bisphenol A and other compounds.…”

“…Assessment of mutagenicity associated with bisphenol A was based primarily on reviews by the European Union (2003) and Haighton et al (2002). CERHR summarized a limited number of studies that were not included in reviews.…”

“…The relevance of DNA adduct formation was unclear, but based on weight of evidence, i.e., negative findings for gene mutation and clastogenicity in cultured mammalian cells, DNA adduct formation was thought unlikely to be of concern for humans. Haighton et al (2002) concluded that results of standardized and validated genetic toxicity tests demonstrated the lack of mutagenic and genotoxic activity of bisphenol A in vivo. Studies demonstrating disrupted microtubule formation or DNA adduct formation were noted, but because the studies used high-doses, they were judged to be of limited relevance.…”

“…Subsequent to the release of the European Union (2003) and Haighton et al (2002) reviews, Hunt et al (2003), published a study examining meiotic aneuploidy potential of bisphenol A in female mice. In 1998, a large increase in background rate of congression failure (from 1-2 to 40%) and in aneuploidy (from 0.7 to 5.8%) was observed in the study authors' laboratory.…”

“…The NTP study was reviewed by the European Union (2003) and Haighton et al (2002). For increases in leukemia, mammary gland fibroadenoma, and Leydig cell tumors in male rats, both groups noted the lack of statistical significance using the appropriate analyses and the common occurrence of these tumor types in F344 rats.…”