An Event-Aware Cluster-Head Rotation Algorithm for Extending Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network with Smart Nodes

Abstract

Smart sensor nodes can process data collected from sensors, make decisions, and recognize relevant events based on the sensed information before sharing it with other nodes. In wireless sensor networks, the smart sensor nodes are usually grouped in clusters for effective cooperation. One sensor node in each cluster must act as a cluster head. The cluster head depletes its energy resources faster than the other nodes. Thus, the cluster-head role must be periodically reassigned (rotated) to different sensor nodes to achieve a long lifetime of wireless sensor network. This paper introduces a method for extending the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks with smart nodes. The proposed method combines a new algorithm for rotating the cluster-head role among sensor nodes with suppression of unnecessary data transmissions. It enables effective control of the cluster-head rotation based on expected energy consumption of sensor nodes. The energy consumption is estimated using a lightweight model, which takes into account transmission probabilities. This method was implemented in a prototype of wireless sensor network. During experimental evaluation of the new method, detailed measurements of lifetime and energy consumption were conducted for a real wireless sensor network. Results of these realistic experiments have revealed that the lifetime of the sensor network is extended when using the proposed method in comparison with state-of-the-art cluster-head rotation algorithms.

Classifier-Based Data Transmission Reduction in Wearable Sensor Network for Human Activity Monitoring

“…It was assumed that all sensor nodes have the same battery capacity of 700 mAh. A balance between energy consumption of individual sensor nodes was achieved by implementing the cluster head rotation algorithm presented in [ 45 ]. Death of sensor node was detected each time the sensor node has consumed the predetermined amount of energy.…”

A Traditional Chinese Medicine Traceability System Based on Lightweight Blockchain

“…In denial-of-service (DoS) and time-based attacks, it should be impossible to modify or attack the data. To address efficiency and energy cost problems, clusters for different hospital nodes with a manager maintaining the ledgers could be helpful [ 24 ]. Arjona el al [ 25 ] adopted a lightweight fingerprint recognition solution; their QFingerMap16 method can be implemented in low-cost sensor nodes using lightweight dual-factor protocols.…”

Introductory Chapter: Data Acquisition

“…More sophisticated solutions are equipped with smart sensors that have extended data processing capabilities. The smart sensors are capable of performing advanced data processing in order to make decisions and recognize relevant events [5]. This kind of sensors may use embedded machine learning algorithms to learn from collected data and to autonomously make assessments or predictions.…”