“…For example, if microphones are displaced linearly in a one-dimensional manner, it essentially reduces to the array thinning technique (Mayhan, 1980;Sarajedini, 1999;Oliveri et al, 2009;Rocca and Haupt, 2010); different algorithms have been developed, including evolutionary programming (Kumar et al, 1998;Delgado et al, 2010), genetic algorithm (Haupt, 1994;Chen et al, 2007), simulated annealing algorithm (Trucco and Murino, 1999;Trucco, 2002;Doblinger, 2008) and pattern search algorithm (Razavi and Forooraghi, 2008). For applications inside a vehicle, microphones are restricted to be in several dedicated areas and an evolutionary algorithm has been proposed in Ayllón et al (2014). In formulating the general multi-dimensional design problem, a nonlinear optimization problem using the L 2 -norm was proposed in Feng et al (2012), which allows microphones to move around in a multi-dimensional solution space in search of better configurations.…”