An evolutionary history of the FGF superfamily

Popovici, Cornel; Roubin, Régine; Coulier, François; Birnbaum, Daniel

doi:10.1002/bies.20261

Cited by 89 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…Genome duplications within the vertebrates (Huang and Stern 2005;Itoh and Ornitz 2004;Popovici et al 2005;Powers et al 2000) have made it difficult to decipher the molecular machinery underlying FGF signaling due to the diversity and sheer number of FGF ligands and receptors among the various vertebrate lineages. As many as 22 FGF ligands and 4 receptors have been identified in the human genome, with alternative splice forms of the receptors adding significantly to their complexity .…”

Section: Fgf Signaling Complexity In the Metazoamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, and S1, S2, S3, S4) and to gain a better understanding about the evolution of the FGF signaling pathway. A recent phylogenetic analysis of the FGF superfamily suggests grouping FGF ligands into eight classes (FGF-A to -H; Popovici et al 2005). A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of the FGF core domain ( (Fig.…”

Section: The Identification Of Fgf Signaling Pathway Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) were originally isolated from vertebrate brain and pituitary fibroblasts for their roles in angiogenesis, mitogenesis, cellular differentiation, migration, and tissue-injury repair (Itoh and Ornitz 2004;Ornitz and Itoh 2001;Popovici et al 2005). FGFs signal through fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), which are membraneassociated class IV receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FGFs signal through fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), which are membraneassociated class IV receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The interaction of FGF ligands with these receptors are stabilized by co-binding of heparin or heparin sulfate proteoglycans, which prevent thermal denaturation and proteolysis (Itoh and Ornitz 2004;Popovici et al 2005). Ligand binding results in receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation of several intracellular tyrosines, which leads to activation of the GTPase Ras, resulting in a cascade of kinase signaling including Raf, mitogen-activated and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; Nutt et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FGF signals often work in concert with other important pathways, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch (Gerhart 1999). In both invertebrates and vertebrates, FGF signaling functions in body plan patterning, including mesoderm and neural induction and coordinate cell movements during gastrulation (Bertrand et al 2003;De Robertis and Kuroda 2004;Isaacs et al 1994;Popovici et al 2005;Rossant et al 1997;Sheng et al 2003;Sivak et al 2005;Stathopoulos et al 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FGF signaling in gastrulation and neural development in Nematostella vectensis, an anthozoan cnidarian

2007

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The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signal transduction pathway serves as one of the key regulators of early metazoan development, displaying conserved roles in the specification of endodermal, mesodermal, and neural fates during vertebrate development. FGF signals also regulate gastrulation, in part, by triggering epithelial to mesenchymal transitions in embryos of both vertebrates and invertebrates. Thus, FGF signals coordinate gastrulation movements across many different phyla. To help understand the breadth of FGF signaling deployment across the animal kingdom, we have examined the presence and expression of genes encoding FGF pathway components in the anthozoan cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. We isolated three FGF ligands (NvFGF8A, NvFGF8B, and NvFGF1A), two FGF receptors (NvFGFRa and NvFGFRb), and two orthologs of vertebrate FGF responsive genes, Sprouty (NvSprouty), an inhibitor of FGF signaling, and Churchill (NvChurchill), a Zn finger transcription factor. We found these FGF ligands, receptors, and response gene expressed asymmetrically along the oral/aboral axis during gastrulation and in a developing chemosensory structure of planula stages known as the apical tuft. These results suggest a conserved role for FGF signaling molecules in coordinating both gastrulation and neural induction that predates the Cambrian explosion and the origins of the Bilateria.

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Section: Fgf Signaling Complexity In the Metazoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Identification Of Fgf Signaling Pathway Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FGF signaling in gastrulation and neural development in Nematostella vectensis, an anthozoan cnidarian

2007

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Fibroblast Growth Factors: Evolution

Ornitz

2007

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGF receptors) constitute a signalling system conserved throughout animal evolution. Most members of the FGF family signal across adjacent tissue boundaries and are essential for a variety of developmental and physiological processes. One subfamily of vertebrate FGFs, that may have originated in primitive chordates, appears to have evolved novel functions within neurons. Another subfamily of FGFs has acquired hormone‐like properties, regulating physiological processes in the adult.

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Extending the family table: Insights from beyond vertebrates into the regulation of embryonic development by FGFs

Tulin¹,

Stathopoulos²

2010

Birth Defects Research Pt C

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Since the discovery of Fibroblast Growth Factors much focus has been placed on elucidating the roles for each vertebrate FGF ligand, receptor, and regulating molecules in the context of vertebrate development, human disorders and cancer. Studies in human, mouse, Xenopus, chick, and zebrafish have gone a long way to help us understand [AS1]which FGFs are involved in which processes. However, in recent years, as more genomes are sequenced, more information is becoming available from many non-vertebrate models and a more complete picture of the FGF superfamily as a whole is emerging. In some cases less redundancy in the FGF signaling system in invertebrate models may allow for more mechanistic insights. Studies in cnidaria have highlighted how ancient FGF signaling is, and helped provide insight into the evolution of the FGF gene family. Work in C. elegans has shown that different splice forms can be used for functional specificity in invertebrate FGF signaling. Comparing FGFs from Ciona to those in vertebrates and FGFs from Tribolium to Drosophila reveals some important clues as to the process of gene loss, duplication and subfunctionalization of FGFs throughout evolution. Finally, comparing all members of the FGF ligand superfamily reveals variability in many properties, which may point to a feature of FGFs as being highly adaptable with regards to protein structure and mechanism. Further studies on FGF signaling outside of vertebrates is likely to complement work in vertebrates by contributing many insights to the FGF field as a whole and providing unexpected information that could be used for medical applications.

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An evolutionary history of the FGF superfamily

Cited by 89 publications

References 49 publications

FGF signaling in gastrulation and neural development in Nematostella vectensis, an anthozoan cnidarian

FGF signaling in gastrulation and neural development in Nematostella vectensis, an anthozoan cnidarian

Fibroblast Growth Factors: Evolution

Extending the family table: Insights from beyond vertebrates into the regulation of embryonic development by FGFs

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