An examination of information‐processing skills among inhalant‐using adolescents

Scott, Kathryn D.; Scott, Anthony A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01277.x

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Alcohol and psychoactive substances requiring control were reduced to alcohol use: 19 categorical variable based on frequency of use by a MACS-derived algorithm; cigarette smoking: 20 MACS-derived algorithm generating total pack-years; and cannabis 21 and nitrite inhalant (“popper”) use frequencies 22 (none vs. any use) [all by self-report]. Psychotropic medication use 23 was controlled by use at assessment derived from self-report based upon relevant drugs listed across psychotropic categories.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ageing on neurocognitive function by stage of HIV infection: evidence from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

et al. 2017

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Summary Background The demography of the HIV epidemic in the United States has shifted toward older age. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the processes of aging and HIV infection on neurocognitive impairment. Methods We examined the impact of aging, HIV infection (by disease stage), and their interaction across five neurocognitive domains: information processing speed, executive function, episodic memory, working memory, and motor function. Longitudinal data from the Multi- Center AIDS Cohort Study were analyzed to address this question utilizing control for duration of serostatus (in a sub-analysis) as well as controls for other factors affecting cognition Analyses were by linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Findings There was a total of 5,086 participants (47,886 visits) in the analytic sample (2,278 were HIV-seropositive participants contributing 20,477 visits; 2,808 were HIV-seronegative control participants contributing 27,409 visits). Direct negative effects of HIV disease progression and aging were observed on all neurocognitive domains. Deleterious interaction effects were also observed in the domains of episodic memory and motor function. Interpretation Evidence for a greater than expected impact of aging was found on episodic memory (p=.03) and motor function (p=.02) with advanced stages of HIV infection. This suggests that these two domains are most susceptible to the progression of neurocognitive impairment due to aging amongst the HIV infected. This deficit pattern suggests differential damage to the hippocampus and basal ganglia, specifically nigrostriatal pathways. Older people with HIV infection should be targeted for regular screening for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, particularly with tests referable to the episodic memory and motor domains. Funding This work was supported by R03 MH086131 awarded to Dr. Goodkin from the National Institute of Mental Health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ageing on neurocognitive function by stage of HIV infection: evidence from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

et al. 2017

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“…Thus, it is interesting to note that Takagi and collaborators [see (11,12)] have reported that inhalant users show, when compared with consumers of other drugs and controls, the worst performance in tasks that measure attention, memory, cognitive control, and processing speed. In line with this, (13,14) have also described more significant deficits in working memory, processing speed, concept formation, and mental flexibility in adolescents that have used several drugs, including inhalants, compared to adolescents with no inhalants in their consumption history.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…We must point out that the neuropsychological exploration performed here was focused on only four measures of executive functioning based on previous reports of these measures being affected in inhalant users (14,39). It is possible that the detected decreased efficiency in the DMN, FPN, and SN may be responsible for other cognitive alterations and mental health problems also described among inhalant-abusing adolescents (62), which were not assessed in our research subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Default Mode Network Efficiency Is Correlated With Deficits in Inhibition in Adolescents With Inhalant Use Disorder

et al. 2020

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It is well established that alterations in cognitive function and damage to brain structures are often found in adolescents who have substance use disorder (SUD). However, deficits in executive cognitive functioning in adolescents related to the vulnerability and consumption of such substances are not well known. In this study, we use graph theoretic analysis to compare the network efficiency in the resting state for three networks-default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and fronto-parietal network (FPN)-between inhalant-consuming adolescents and a control group (12 to 17 years old). We analyzed whether the efficiency of these functional networks was related to working memory, mental flexibility, inhibition of response, and sequential planning. We found that, when compared to the control group, inhalant-consuming adolescents presented with important deficits in communication among brain regions that comprise the DMN, SN, and FPN networks. DMN is the most affected network by inhalant abuse during adolescence. The mediation analyses suggested that the relationship between inhalant abuse and inhibitory control and sequential planning was partly mediated by DMN efficiency.

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“…Scott and Scott () recruited 461 adolescents from the Southwest Texas Juvenile Detention Center (JDC) to research information processing differences between 158 PSI and 303 PSO users. The findings of this first research indicated that PSI participants scored significantly worse on processing speed and working memory in comparison to the 303 PSO users.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other inhalant researchers did not address the interactions of psychosocial functioning or drug use severity nor the effect of processing speed upon ECF (Takagi et al . ; Scott & Scott ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent inhalant use and executive cognitive functioning

Scott

2013

Child

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An examination of information‐processing skills among inhalant‐using adolescents

Abstract: Inhalant users begin abusing substances at a younger age and suffer from more verbal and non-verbal processing, behavioural, language and memory problems than non-inhalant users.

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of ageing on neurocognitive function by stage of HIV infection: evidence from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

Effect of ageing on neurocognitive function by stage of HIV infection: evidence from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

Default Mode Network Efficiency Is Correlated With Deficits in Inhibition in Adolescents With Inhalant Use Disorder

Adolescent inhalant use and executive cognitive functioning

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