An Examination of Nonspeech Oral Motor Exercises for Children with Velopharyngeal Inadequacy

Ruscello, Dennis M.

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1103393

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, these exercises were found to be ineffective. [14][15][16][17] Later research showed significant differences in the velopharyngeal closure patterns of speech and nonspeech activities, suggesting that nonspeech ''exercises'' could not possibly be effective in improving velopharyngeal function for speech. [18][19][20][21][22] In addition, patients with a history of cleft rarely have a weakness of the musculature.…”

Section: What Not To Domentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech Therapy for Errors Secondary to Cleft Palate and Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Kummer¹

2011

Semin Speech Lang

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals with a history of cleft lip/palate or velopharyngeal dysfunction may demonstrate any combination of speech sound errors, hypernasality, and nasal emission. Speech sound distortion can also occur due to other structural anomalies, including malocclusion. Whenever there are structural anomalies, speech can be affected by obligatory distortions or compensatory errors. Obligatory distortions (including hypernasality due to velopharyngeal insufficiency) are caused by abnormal structure and not by abnormal function. Therefore, surgery or other forms of physical management are needed for correction. In contrast, speech therapy is indicated for compensatory articulation productions where articulation placement is changed in response to the abnormal structure. Speech therapy is much more effective if it is done after normalization of the structure. When speech therapy is appropriate, the techniques involve methods to change articulation placement using standard articulation therapy principles. Oral-motor exercises, including the use of blowing and sucking, are never indicated to improve velopharyngeal function. The purpose of this article is to provide information regarding when speech therapy is appropriate for individuals with a history of cleft palate or other structural anomalies and when physical management is needed. In addition, some specific therapy techniques are offered for the elimination of common compensatory articulation productions.

show abstract

Section: What Not To Domentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech Therapy for Errors Secondary to Cleft Palate and Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Kummer¹

2011

Semin Speech Lang

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These and other studies are reviewed in greater detail in Lass and Pannbacker 46 and Ruscello. 47 Limitations of Strength Training Evidence An important issue common to the each of the studies just mentioned is that it is unclear from the methodologies used whether strength training actually took place. That is, specific strategies for overload and progression were not specified, nor were pre-or post-treatment measures of orofacial strength reported.…”

Section: Lower Levels Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, although it might be expected that many muscle groups active during speech may be strengthened for sucking/ blowing movements (empirical evidence of strength gains is currently not available), carryover to speech movements would be expected to be less than if speech movements were exercised. 47…”

Section: Strength Training Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Strength Training in Speech Sound Disorders

Clark

2008

Semin Speech Lang

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Strengthening of the articulators is commonly used to help children improve sound production accuracy, even though the relationship between weakness and speech function remains unclear. Clinicians considering the use of strength training must weigh both the theoretical foundations and the evidence supporting this practice. Widely accepted principles of strength training are available to guide the evaluation of strength training programs. Training specificity requires that exercises closely match the targeted functional outcome. The exercises must overload the muscles beyond their typical use, and this overload must be systematically progressed over time. Finally, the strength training program must incorporate adequate time between exercise sessions to allow for recovery. The available research does not support the position that nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOMEs) targeting increased strength is beneficial for improving speech accuracy. An example of a speech-based strengthening program is provided to illustrate how appropriate training principles could lead to more positive outcomes. A much larger body of research is needed to determine the conditions under which strength training is most appropriately applied in the treatment of childhood speech disorders.

show abstract

“…Ruscello35 addressed the issue of speech therapy for improving velopharyngeal closure. This review article described a variety of techniques including experimental approaches with CPAP and biofeedback, but the primary emphasis was on the use of “oral-motor therapy,” labeled as NSOME (nonspeech oral motor exercises), such as blowing, sucking massage, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velopharyngeal insufficiency: diagnosis and management

Shprintzen¹,

Marrinan

2009

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review-Journal articles relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) were reviewed. All articles ascertained by PubMed search were included.Recent Findings-Articles reported on the application of magnetic resonance scanning, reliability tests of the International Working Group diagnostic protocol, the use of nasometry, and techniques designed to assess the function of the velopharyngeal mechanism. Treatment papers focused on outcomes in small samples of cases and complication rates from pharyngeal flap. One paper discussed ineffective speech therapy procedures.Summary-There were relatively few papers this past year. Those that were published were hindered by small and heterogeneous sample sizes, and occasionally by inappropriate methods for assessing outcomes. None of the findings will have a major impact on the current state-of-the-art for diagnosis of VPI. The speech therapy paper has a very important message that should be taken to heart by all clinicians involved in the management of children with clefts and craniofacial disorders.

show abstract

An Examination of Nonspeech Oral Motor Exercises for Children with Velopharyngeal Inadequacy

Cited by 28 publications

References 53 publications

Speech Therapy for Errors Secondary to Cleft Palate and Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Speech Therapy for Errors Secondary to Cleft Palate and Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

The Role of Strength Training in Speech Sound Disorders

Velopharyngeal insufficiency: diagnosis and management

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About