An Examination of PAI Clinical Descriptors and Correlates in an Outpatient Sample: Tailoring of Interpretive Statements

Rogers, Richard; Williams, Margot M.; Winningham, Darby B.; Sharf, Allyson J.

doi:10.1007/s10862-017-9627-5

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to establishing aprioristic operationalizations, the current study adopted rigorous standards for effect sizes that have long been utilized (Rogers, 2008, 2018) in the assessment of response styles: “moderate” (Cohen’s d ≥ 0.75), “large” ( d ≥ 1.25), and “very large” ( d ≥ 1.50). As a parallel to Cohen’s d , empirical-correlate research (Rogers et al, 2018; Sharf & Rogers, 2020) has recently started to implement equivalent standards: .35 (“moderate”), .53 (“large”), and .60 (“very large”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded WAIS-IV Detection Strategies and Feigned Cognitive Impairment: An Investigation of Malingered ADHD

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malingered attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be strongly motivated on college campuses by recreational use of ADHD medications and to obtain unwarranted academic accommodations. Rather than rely on face-valid (easily faked) ADHD checklists, the study focused on the more complex Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth edition (WAIS-IV; Wechsler, 2008). However, the current literature has not yet investigated well-defined detection strategies for feigned WAIS-IV presentations. Using aprioristic standards, four different detection strategies from the feigning literature were adapted to certain WAIS-IV subscales. For example, significantly below-chance performance was applied to visual puzzles. Using a between-subjects simulation design, 74 undergraduate simulators were compared with archival data on 73 outpatients diagnosed with ADHD at a university psychology clinic. Very large effect sizes (Cohen’s ds from 1.66 to 1.90) differentiated between genuine and feigned ADHD. Two strategies (significantly below-chance performance and floor effect) showed strong promise if cross-validated for other feigning presentations. The study concluded with clinical considerations and future avenues for research.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded WAIS-IV Detection Strategies and Feigned Cognitive Impairment: An Investigation of Malingered ADHD

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As an important priority, the interpretive basis of PAI scales and subscales needs to be systematically investigated. One fruitful avenue involves the establishment of which PAI empirical correlates (see, e.g., Rogers, Williams, Winningham, & Sharf, 2018) remain consistent across both language and culture. For validity scales, published research on the Spanish PAI has reported a large percentage of invalid protocols among genuine responders (Romain, 2001).…”

Section: Clinical Considerations With the Spanish Paimentioning

confidence: 99%

Malingering and Defensiveness on the Spanish Personality Assessment Inventory: An Initial Investigation with Mostly Spanish-Speaking Outpatients

Correa¹,

Rogers

Williams

2018

Assessment

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Psychological assessments can be essentially invalidated by examinees' intentional response styles, such as feigning (i.e., fabrication or marked overreporting of symptoms/impairment) and defensiveness (i.e., denial or minimization of symptoms/impairment). As a psychometric strength, the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) has established validity indicators for identifying both response styles. With the United States' increasing ethnic and cultural diversity, predominantly Spanish-speaking individuals are now estimated in the range of 15 million persons. Unfortunately, very little research has been conducted on the Spanish-translated PAI regarding its effectiveness in clinical populations. Using a between-subjects design, a sample of mostly Spanish-speaking outpatients was randomly assigned to genuine, feigning, or defensive conditions. For feigning, PAI malingering indicators using rare symptoms strategies (i.e., Negative Impression [NIM] and Negative Distortion [NDS] scales) demonstrated moderate to large effect sizes. For defensiveness, the Defensive (DEF) index proved the most effective with a very large effect size ( M = 1.68). Different cut scores were examined to increase the clinical utility of the Spanish PAI for determining response styles.

show abstract

The Structure and Goals of Miranda Evaluations

Rogers

Drogin

2019

Conducting Miranda Evaluations

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An Examination of PAI Clinical Descriptors and Correlates in an Outpatient Sample: Tailoring of Interpretive Statements

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Embedded WAIS-IV Detection Strategies and Feigned Cognitive Impairment: An Investigation of Malingered ADHD

Embedded WAIS-IV Detection Strategies and Feigned Cognitive Impairment: An Investigation of Malingered ADHD

Malingering and Defensiveness on the Spanish Personality Assessment Inventory: An Initial Investigation with Mostly Spanish-Speaking Outpatients

The Structure and Goals of Miranda Evaluations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About